.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


-

 

, 16- , . , , , , . ( ) . 1000 ; , .

 

Bahmani (1347-1480) 100 000 , . Vijayanagar 1564 . .

 

, .. ( ). , () , 80 1000 ( ) 1525 ( ).

 

. , , 18- . , ( ) Hanifite , . , Hanifa , zimmis () 20 , jizya ( ) . zimmi ( Hanbalite lbn Taymiya), , , . , , . , Rajputs Moghul, Kayasthas Nawab, , ( ) jizya .

 

- Hanifite (, ). , , . , . , jizya , (, , jizya , ). Moghul ( 1526 ) zimma , . , , , . - - : .

 

Tipu 18- . 1857 (Moghuls, Nawabs) , . , Nawab Janmabhoomi/Babri Masjid , . - , ; , , .

 

, :

 

1.

 

.

 

http://islammonitor.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3312:islams-indian-slave-trade-part-i-in-islams-genocidal-slavery-&catid=170&Itemid=67

 

 

2. 'Gandhara' '':

http://rajivmalhotra.sulekha.com/blog/post/2001/12/how-gandhara-became-kandahar.htm

 

 



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