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12.1.

, ( ). (K2O*3Al2O3*6SiO2*2H2O) (K2O*3Al2O3*6MgO*6SiO2*2H2O).

, . , , , . , , , .

: ε = 6.8 8.4; tgδ= 3*10-4; ρv =1014 1016*; =120 . 500-600.

: ε = 5.5 6.7; tgδ= 5*10-4; ρv =1013 1014*; =120 . (800-900).

, . , .

, , , , .

1-2%. - , , . ( 5) .

, ( ), ( ( ), ( ( ).

( ) , , , , . , , , , . , , .

. , 800, , . , - .

, .

, , ε' tgδ .

. , .

12.2.

. SiO2, 2, 2, ,

Na2B4O7, , , . , , . , (2, 2, S) , , , . , .

, . 100-200 .

. . SiO2, B2O3, P2O5, GeO2, As2O5 . , . 6 - S, Se, , (, 4As2Se3 * As2Te3; As2Se3 * Sb2Se3).

Na2O, K2O, , ( ), PbO, ZnO, A12O3.

SiO2 , 2 . , :

1) Na2O, K2O, ; , , , , , 7, 12, 14, 20, 71, 707, -5, 8 .;

2) ; , b, , - ;

3) - , , 24, 19, -6.

, . . (400-1600). SiO2. αl (0,5 150)*10-7 1/.

αl . . - :

σ = 100 - 300 /, σ = (6 21)*103 /,

, σ , . , . , . , αl αl .

, αl , , . , ( ; Cr2O3 ; MgO2 , ; VO3 ). , . : , , , . , . . . . Na2 * m * SiO2 (m=1,5 4,2) , ( ). , , . .

: ε = 5 7.5; tgδ= 0.003 0.006; ρv =107 108*;

:

ε = 5.7 7.5; tgδ= 0.001 0.003; ρv =1010 1012*;

: ε = 3.2 8.8; tgδ= 6 * 10-4 10-3; ρv =1013 1015*;

 

E = 50 /, αε = (30 500)*10-6 1/.

SiO2. , Na2O ρv , K2O. , . , .1[2].

tgδ .. . , - , ( ).

, , . - , . . , , . . Ag, Ni, ( U = 1B 1 ). .

, , . . : 27% Pb, 70% H3BO3, 3% MgO2. - , . SiO2. , . , t =600C. .

. ( 20 ) , . , 3-7 . , .

(). , , . . ε 1010 .

tgδ ε . 2- 4[3].

, ( ) - .

, 10-3 1013 *. . (30 400).

4 As2Se3 ε =12,25; tgδ = 10-2-10-3 ρv =1013*.

4As2Se3*As2Se3: ε =14,1; tgδ =10-2-10-3 ρv =3,6*109*.

4As2Se3*2As2Se3: ε =20; tgδ =10-2-10-3 ρv =106*.

.

 

 

- "" - . - . : (, , , , , ), , , , , , , , . , . , . . . . , , . , , , . , . - . :

- t <500 ;

- 500C <t <1200 C;

- t>1200C.

.

. (ε, tgδ, αl) . ( , ) . , , tgδ .

:

- , ε, , , , , , ;

- , ε, tgδ, ;

- (), , .

:

) , 25% , 25% , 25% SiO2, tgδ;

) ; 40% , 52%

SiO2; 8% BaCO3; ; :

ε =6-6,5; tgδ =3*10-4 E =20 /;

) , Ba, Al, Si, ;

BaO SrO tgδ; : ε =8-8,5; tgδ =3*10-4 E =20 30 /.

;

) ,

g, Si, Ba, Ca, Sr; ρv, ps, ; ; : ε =6-7; tgδ =(3-6)*10-4 E >20-30 /, ρv =1012 *

) - ; Al2O3 Al2O3 * 2SiO2, : ε =6,8-7,4; tgδ =(14-18)*10-4 E =30-35 / ρv =1013-1014 *;

) ; (BaO * Al2O3 * 2SiO2), BaCO3, , ; ; , .

CaTiO3, TiO2, SrTiO3, CaSnO3, :

- CaTiO3 TiO2:

ε =70-150; tgδ =(3-5)*10-4 E = 10-12 /, ρv =1011-1013 *;

αε = (-1300)*10-6 1/

- - SrTiO3:

ε =20-40; tgδ =(3-4)*10-4 E = 8-10 /, ρv =1012-1013 *;

αε = -(20-40)*10-6 1/

- CaSnO3:

ε =14-16; tgδ =(3-4)*10-4 E = 10-12 /, ρv =1012-1013 *;

αε =30*10-6 1/

αl .

:

) , ;

) (98% Al2O3, , ); ; Al2O3 (); :

ε =9-10; tgδ =(3-5)*10-4 E = 15-20 /, ρv =1016-1017 *;

, . - - , , ε, tgδ 1010 .

ε, tgδ . 1- 5.

[4]

1. ( . .. )

.: . 1978

2. .. . : -

. - 1980

3. .. . . .:

. 1977

4. .., .. . -

: . 1977 (212)

5. .., .. -

Ĕ .

: . 1981 (546)

6. .., .., .. -

. : . 1993 (1388)

7. . ( . .. -

). : . 1982

8. .. . .: .

9. .., .. .

.: . 1986

10. .., . -

. .: . 1976

11. .. . -

. .: . - 1978

12. .. . . .: . - 1974

13. .. . .: . -

14. .. -

. .: . 1980

[5]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]





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