-
,
-32
:
( ) ; w0 = 20%, w3 = 14%.
t 0 = 5 ;
, (%):
2 | 0,25 |
4 | 91,9 |
26 | 4,15 |
C3H8 | 1,20 |
410 | 0,29 |
512 | 0,13 |
N2 | 2,08 |
r, /3 | 0,729 |
,
, /3 | , /3 | ||
2 | 1,977 | ||
4 | 0,717 | 39 758 | 35 831 |
26 | 1,357 | 69 668 | 63 765 |
C3H8 | 2,019 | 99 143 | 91 272 |
410 | 2,672 | 128 493 | 118 675 |
512 | 3,219 | 157 905 | 146 119 |
N2 | 1,250 |
-
( .. .
. .: - , 2006. 48 .)
1. - , .
2. .
t 0 = 5 ( ) j0 = 100% ( 9) H, d ( = 99,3×103 ) d 0 = 5,51 / 0 = 18,84 /.
( ) , , . , t 1 = 130 , 1- 3- ( 5) t 2 = 140 , 2- t 3 = 160 .
3. , (1.3) (1.4) /3).
(Q ) = v1×(Q 1) + v2×(Q 2) + + vn×(Q n);
(Q ) = v1×(Q 1) + v2×(Q 2) + + vn×(Q n),
vi,×(Q i), (Q i) ( ), , /3.
(Q ) = 0,919×39758 + 0,0415×69688 + 0,012×99143 + 0,0029×128493 + 0,0013×157905 = 36537,6 + 2892,0 + 1189,7 + 372,6 + 205,3 = 41197,2 /3;
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(Q ) = 0,919×35831 + 0,0415×63765 + 0,012×91272 + 0,0029×118675 + 0,0013×146119 = 32928,7 + 2646,2 + 1095,3 + 344,2 + 190,0 = 37204,4 /3.
4. L 0, 1 , /.
L 0 = 1,38í0,0179×(CO) + 0,248×(H2) + 0,44×(H2S) + Sí[(m + 0,25n)/(12m + n)]×(CmHn)ý (O2)ý,
(CO), (H2), (H2S), (CmHn), (O2) ( mi) , %; rI (/3) i - r K mi = K vi×(ri/r).
L 0 = 1,38íSí[(m + 0,25n)/(12m + n)]×(CmHn)ýý = 1,38í[(1 + 0,25×4)/(12 + 4)]×(91,9×0,717/0,729) + [(2 + 0,25×6)/(12×2 + 6)]×(4,15×1,357/0,729) + [(3 + 0,25×8)/(12×3 + 8)]×(1,2×2,019/0,729) + [(4 + 0,25×10)/(12×4 + 10)]×(0,29×2,672/0,729) + [(5 + 0,25×12)/(12×5 + 12)]×(0,13×3,219/0,729)ý = 1,38í0,125×90 + 0,117×7,7 + 0,114×3,3 + 0,112×1,06 + 0,111×0,57ý = 1,38×(11,25 + 0,9 + 0,376 + 0,119 + 0,06) = 1,38×12,7 = 17,5 /.
5. (/) t () = r t = 0 + c × t:
1 = r t = 0 + c × t 1 = 2500 + 1,88×130 = 2744,4 /;
1- 3-
2 = r t = 0 + c × t 2 = 2500 + 1,88×140 = 2763,2 /;
3-
3 = r t = 0 + c × t 3 = 2500 + 1,88×160 = 2800,8 /.
,
= r t = 0 + c × t 0 = 2500 + 1,88×5 = 2509,4 /.
6. a.
a = í(Q )×h [Sí0,09n×(CmHn) / (12m + n)ý + 0,01Wp]×[2500(1 h) + 0,88× t ] c .× t + c × t ý / í L 0×(0,001 d 0× H 0 + .× t)ý,
h : (t 0 > 0) h = 0,95; ., ( . = 1,004 /) ( = 2,2 /); t : t = t 0 = 5 ; d 0, H , H 0 , .
a1 = í41197,2×0,95 [0,09×4×90 / 16 + 0,09×6×7,7 / 30 + 0,09×8×3,3 / 44 + 0,09×10×1,1 / 58 + 0,09×12×0,6 / 72]×[2500(1 0,95) + 0,88×130] 1,004×130 + 2,2×5ý / í17,5×(0,001×5,51×2509,4 18,84 + 1,004×130)ý = í39137,34 [2,025 + 0,1386 + 0,054 + 0,017 + 0,009]×[125 + 114,4] 130,5 + 11ý / í17,5×(13,827 18,84 + 130,5)ý = í39137,34 [2,2436]×[239,4] 130,5 + 11ý / í17,5×(125,5)ý =í39137,3 [2,2436]×[239,4] 130,5 + 11ý / í17,5×(125,5)ý = 38480,7/2196,2 = 17,5.
a2 = í41197,2×0,95 [0,09×4×90 / 16 + 0,09×6×7,7 / 30 + 0,09×8×3,3 / 44 + 0,09×10×1,1 / 58 + 0,09×12×0,6 / 72]×[2500(1 0,95) + 0,88×140] 1,004×140 + 2,2×5ý / í17,5×(0,001×5,51×2509,4 18,84 + 1,004×140)ý = í39137,34 [2,025 + 0,1386 + 0,054 + 0,017 + 0,009]×[125 + 123,2] 140,6 + 11ý / í17,5×(13,827 18,84 + 140,6)ý = í39137,34 [2,2436]×[248,2] 140,6 + 11ý / í17,5×(135,6)ý =í39137,3 [2,2436]×[248,2] 140,6 + 11ý / í17,5×(135,6)ý = 38450,8/2373 = 16,2.
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a3 = í41197,2×0,95 [0,09×4×90 / 16 + 0,09×6×7,7 / 30 + 0,09×8×3,3 / 44 + 0,09×10×1,1 / 58 + 0,09×12×0,6 / 72]×[2500(1 0,95) + 0,88×160] 1,004×160 + 2,2×5ý / í17,5×(0,001×5,51×2509,4 18,84 + 1,004×160)ý = í39137,34 [2,025 + 0,1386 + 0,054 + 0,017 + 0,009]×[125 + 140,8] 160,6 + 11ý / í17,5×(13,827 18,84 + 160,6)ý = í39137,34 [2,2436]×[265,8] 160,6 + 11ý / í17,5×(155,6)ý =í39137,3 [2,2436]×[265,8] 160,6 + 11ý / í17,5×(155,6)ý = 38391,4/2723 = 14,1.
7. d (/) (/) .
d 1 = í1000[Sí0,09n×(CmHn) / (12m + n)ý + 0,01Wp] +a1× L 0× d 0ý / ía1× L 0 + 1 Sí0,09n×(CmHn) / (12m + n)ý 0,01Wpý = í1000[2,2436] +17,5×17,5×5,51ý / 17,5×17,5 + 1 2,2436ý = í2243,6 +1687,4ý /í 306,25 + 1 2,2436ý = 3931/305 = 12,9 /;
d 2 = í1000[Sí0,09n×(CmHn) / (12m + n)ý + 0,01Wp] +a2× L 0× d 0ý / ía2× L 0 + 1 Sí0,09n×(CmHn) / (12m + n)ý 0,01Wpý = í1000[2,2436] +16,2×17,5×5,51ý / 16,2×17,5 + 1 2,2436ý = í2243,6 +1562ý /í 283,5 + 1 2,2436ý = 3805,6/282,26 = 13,48 /;
d 3 = í1000[Sí0,09n×(CmHn) / (12m + n)ý + 0,01Wp] +a3× L 0× d 0ý / ía3× L 0 + 1 Sí0,09n×(CmHn) / (12m + n)ý 0,01Wpý = í1000[2,2436] +14,1×17,5×5,51ý / 14,1×17,5 + 1 2,2436ý = í2243,6 +1360ý /í 246,8 + 1 2,2436ý = 3603,6/245,6 = 14,67 /;
1 = .× t 1 + 0,001× d 1(2500 + 1,88× t 1) = 1,004×130 + 0,001×12,9×(2500 + 1,88×130) = 130,5 + 35,4 = 165,5 /;
2 = .× t 1 + 0,001× d 2(2500 + 1,88× t 1) = 1,004×140 + 0,001×13,48×(2500 + 1,88×140) = 140,6 + 37,2 = 177,8 /;
3 = .× t 1 + 0,001× d 3(2500 + 1,88× t 1) = 1,004×160 + 0,001×14,67×(2500 + 1,88×160) = 160,6 + 41,1 = 201,7 /.
8. , .
, , 6 7 ( , .. w0 w3) () ( ). = 1 () = 1.
(/):
G0 = G/(3,6 ()), G , , ./. , -32 32 ./, G = 36 ./. , G0 = 36/(3,6×1×1) = 10 /.
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G3 = G0×(100 w0)/(100 w3) = 10×(100 20)/(100 14) = 800/86 = 9,3 /.
W (/): W = G0 G3 = 10,0 9,3 = 0,7 /.
DW, . , , :
DW. = 0,3×W = 0,3×0,7 = 0,21 /;
DW = 0,1×W = 0,1×0,7 = 0,07 /;
1- 3- DW1 = DW3 = 0,2×W = 0,2×0,7 = 0,14 /;
2- DW2 = [W (DW. + DW1 + DW3 + DW)]= [0,7 (0,21 + 0,14 + 0,14 + 0,07)] = 0,14 /.
9. ( , ) ( - ).
G2 = G3 + DW = 9,3 + 0,07 = 9,37 /.
2-
G2 = G2 + DW3 = 9,37 + 0,14 = 9,51 /.
(%) :
w2 = 100 (G3/G2)×(100 w3) = 100 (9,3/9,37)×(100 14) = 14,642 %.
w = 100 (G2/G2)×(100 w2) = 100 (9,37/9,51)×(100 14,642) = 15,9 %.
G1 = G0 DW. = 10,0 0,21 = 9,79 /.
w1 = 100 (G0/G1)×(100 w0) = 100 (10,0/9,79)×(100 20) = 18,28 %.
N = A× K ()×(w0c w3c)/[w0c 0,011×(w0c)2 9,4],
, : = 2; w0c = 20/(100 20) = 25 %; w3c = 14/(100 14) = 16,28 %.
N = 2×1×(25 16,28)/[25 0,011×(25)2 9,4] = 17,44/8,725 = 2,0.
G = G1× N = 9,79×2,0 = 19,58 /.
w = [w1 + (N 1)×w)]/ N = [18,28 + 1×15,9]/2 = 17,09 %.
G1 = G G1 = 19,58 9,79 = 9,79 /.
1-
G1 = G DW1 = 19,58 0,14 = 19,44 /.
1-
w1 = 100 (G/G1)×(100 w) = 100 (19,58/19,44)×(100 17,09) = 16,49 %.
2-
G = G1 DW2 = 19,44 0,14 = 19,3 /.
,
G = G1 + G2 = 9,79 + 9,51 = 19,3 / ().
10. .
q0 = t 0 = 5 .
4 q = 60 .
q = q 2 = 58 .
q1 = q = 60 .
q = [q1 + (N 1)×q]/ N = [60 + 1×58]/2 = 59 C.
q1 = q 5 = 59 5 = 54 .
q2 = q 7 = 58 7 = 51 .
q3 = q2 (1 0,003×q2)×(q2 t 0) = 51 (1 0,003×51)×(51 5) = 12,0 .
11. .
t ¢1 = 0,125×(q0 + q1 + 2 t 1) + 5 = 0,125×(5 + 60 + 2×130) + 5 = 45,6 ;
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t ¢2 = 0,125×(q + q2 + 2 t 2) + 5 = 0,125×(58 + 51 + 2×140) + 5 = 53,6 ;
t ²2 = 0,125×(q + q1 + 2 t 2) + 5 = 0,125×(59 + 54 + 2×140) +5 = 54,1 ;
t ¢3 = 0,125×(q1 + q + 2 t 3) + 5 = 0,125×(54 + 58 + 2×160) + 5 = 59,0 ;
t ¢0 = 0,5×(q2 + q3) 5 = 0,5×(51 + 12) 5 = 26,5 .
12. .
q .. = (2500 + 1,88× t ¢1) 4,19×q0 = 2500 + 1,88×45,6 4,19×5 = 2500 + 85,7 21 = 1564,7 /.
,
q .1 = (2500 + 1,88× t ²2) 4,19×q = 2500 + 1,88×54,1 4,19×59 = 2500 + 101,7 247,2 = 2354,5 /;
q .3 = (2500 + 1,88× t ¢2) 4,19×q = 2500 + 1,88×53,6 4,19×58 = 2500 + 100,8 243 = 2357,8 /;
q .2 = (2500 + 1,88× t ¢3) 4,19×q1 = 2500 + 1,88×59 4,19×54 = 2500 + 110,9 226,3 = 2384,6 /;
q . = (2500 + 1,88× t ¢0) 4,19×q2 = 2500 + 1,88×26,5 4,19×51 = 2500 + 49,8 213,7 = 2336,1 /.
, .
1 = [ ×w1 + .×(100 w1)]/100 = [4,19×18,28 + 1,55×(100 18,28]/100 = [76,59 + 126,67]/100 = 2,03 /(×);
= [ ×w + .×(100 w)]/100 = [4,19×17,09 + 1,55×(100 17,09]/100 = [71,61 + 128,51]/100 = 2,0 /(×);
1 = [ ×w1 + .×(100 w1)]/100 = [4,19×16,49 + 1,55×(100 16,49]/100 = [69,1 + 129,44]/100 = 1,98 /(×);
= [ ×w + .×(100 w)]/100 = [4,19×15,9 + 1,55×(100 15,9]/100 = [66,62 + 130,36]/100 = 1,97 /(×);
2 = [ ×w2 + .×(100 w2)]/100 = [4,19×14,64 + 1,55×(100 14,64]/100 = [61,34 + 132,31]/100 = 1,94 /(×);
3 = [ ×w3 + .×(100 w3)]/100 = [4,19×14 + 1,55×(100 14]/100 = [58,66 + 133,3]/100 = 1,92 /(×);
( ) .
q . = [G1× 1×(q1 q0)]/DW = [9,79×2,03×(60 5)]/0,21 = 5205 /;
q .1 = [G1× 1×(q1 q)]/DW1 = [19,58×1,98×(54 59)]/0,14 = 1384,6 /;
q .2 = [G× ×(q q1)]/DW2 = [19,3×1,97×(58 54)]/0,14 = 1086,3 /;
q .3 = [G2× 2×(q2 q)]/DW3 = [9,37×1,94×(51 58)]/0,14 = 908,9 /.
( 1- 3- ) ( ).
t . = 0,5×(t 1 + t ¢1) = 0,5×(130 + 45,6) = 87,8 ;
t .1 = 0,5×(t 2 + t ²2) = 0,5×(140 + 54,1) = 97,0 ;
t .2 = 0,5×(t 2 + t ¢2) = 0,5×(160 + 53,6) = 106,8 ;
t .3 = 0,5×(t 3 + t ¢3) = 0,5×(140 + 59) = 99,5 ;
t . = 0,5×(t 0 + t ¢0) = 0,5×(5 + 26,5) = 15,8 C.
, . ().
:
a1(.) = + D×v = 5,58 + 3,95×(0,15×10) = 11,5 /(2×);
a2(.) = + D×v = 5,81 + 3,95×5 = 25,56 /(2×).
:
a1(1+2+ 3c + ) = + D×v = 6,16 + 4,19×0,3 = 7,4 /(2×);
a2(1+2+3+) = + D×v = 6,16 + 4,19×5 = 27,1 /(2×).
l1, 3 = 46 /(×), ( ) l2 = 0,056 /(×); l = 1,54 /(×).
: d1 = 0,002 , d2 = 0,05 , d3 = 0,001 ; d = 0,1 .
:
= 1/[1/a1() + d1/l1 + d1/l1 + d1/l1 + 1/a2] = 1/[1/11,5 + 0,002/46 + 0,05/0,056 + 0,001/46 + 1/25,56] = 1/[0,087 + 0,000043 + 0,893 + 0,000022 + 0,0391] = 1/1,02 = 0,98 /(2×);
1 = 2 = 3 = = 1/[1/a1(1+2+) + d/l + 1/a2] = 1/[1/7,42 + 0,1/1,54 + 1/27,11] = 1/[0,1348 + 0,0649 + 0,0369] = 1/0,2366 = 4,23 /(2×).
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:
F = [ ] = 5 2;
F 1 = 2×1,5×23×0,2 = 13,8 2;
F 3 = F 1 = 13,8 2;
F 2 = 2×1,5×32×0,2 = 19,2 2;
F = 2×1,5×32×0,2 = 19,2 2.
:
q .. = 0,001× F .× .×(t . t 0)/DW = 0,001×5×0,98×(87,8 5)/0,21 = 1,93 /;
q ..1 = = 0,001× F 1× 1×(t .1 t 0)/DW1 = 0,001×13,8×4,23×(97 5)/0,14 = 38,36 /;
q ..2 = = 0,001× F 2× 2×(t .2 t 0)/DW2 = 0,001×19,2×4,23×(106,8 5)/0,14 = 59 /;
q ..3 = = 0,001× F 3× 3×(t .3 t 0)/DW3 = 0,001×13,8×4,23×(99,5 5)/0,14 = 39,4 /;
q .. = = 0,001× F × ×(t . t 0)/DW = 0,001×19,2×4,23×(15,8 5)/0,07 = 12,53 /.
( ) , .
D = ×q0 q . q .. = 4,19×5 5205 1,93 = 5186 /;
D1 = ×q q .1 q ..1 = 4,19×59 ( 1384,6) 38,36 = 1593,4 /;
D2 = ×q1 q .2 q ..2 = 4,19×54 1086,3 59 = 919 /;
D3 = ×q q .3 q ..3 = 4,19×58 ( 908,9) 39,4 = 1112,5 /;
D = ×q2 q . q .. = 4,19×51 + [(G3× c 3)/DW]×(q2 q3) 12,53 = 213,7 + [(9,3×1,92)/0,07]×(51 12) 12,53 = 213,7 + 9948,3 12,53 = 10149,5 /.
:
d ¢1 = [1000×(1,004× t ¢1 H 1) + D.× d 1]/[D. (2500 + 1,88× t ¢1)] = [1000×(1,004×45,6 165,5) + ( 5186)×12,9]/[ 5186 (2500 + 1,88×45,6)] = [ 119717,6 66899,4]/[ 7771,7] = 24,01 /;
d ²2 = [1000×(1,004× t ²2 H 2) + D1× d 2]/[D1 (2500 + 1,88× t ²2)] = [1000×(1,004×54,1 177,8) + 1593,4×13,48]/[1593,4 (2500 + 1,88×54,1)] = [ 123483,6+ 21479]/[ 1008,3] = 101,16 /;
d ¢3 = [1000×(1,004× t ¢3 H 3) + D2× d 3]/[D2 (2500 + 1,88× t ¢3)] = [1000×(1,004×59 201,7) + ( 919)×14,67]/[ 919 (2500 + 1,88×59)] = [ 142464 13481,7]/[ 3529,9] = 44,18 /;
d ¢2 = [1000×(1,004× t ¢2 H 2) + D3× d 2]/[D3 (2500 + 1,88× t ¢2)] = [1000×(1,004×53,6 177,8) + 1112,5×13,48]/[1112,5 (2500 + 1,88×53,6)] = [ 123985,6 + 14996,5]/[ 1488,3] = 73,23 /;
d ¢0 = [1000×(1,004× t ¢0 H 0) + D× d 0]/[D (2500 + 1,88× t ¢0)] = [1000×(1,004×26,5 18,84) + 10149,5×5,51]/[10149,5 (2500 + 1,88×26,5)] = [7766 + 55923,7]/7599,7= 8,38 /.
l (/) ( ) ( ).
l . = 1000/(d ¢1 d 1) = 1000/(24,01 12,9) = 90 /;
l 1c = 1000/(d ²2 d 2) = 1000/(101,16 13,48) = 11,4 /;
l 2c = 1000/(d ¢3 d 3) = 1000/(44,18 14,67) = 33,9 /;
l 3c = 1000/(d ¢2 d 2) = 1000/(73,23 13,48) = 16,7 /;
l = 1000/(d ¢0 d 0) = 1000/(8,38 5,51) = 348,4 /.
( ) 1 .
q . = l .×(H 1 H 0) = 90×(165,5 18,84) = 13199,4 /;
q 1c = l 1c×(H 2 H 0) = 11,4×(177,8 18,84) = 1812,1 /;
q 2c = l 2c×(H 3 H 0) = 33,9×(201,7 18,84) = 6198,9 /;
q 3c = l 3c×(H 2 H 0) = 16,7×(177,8 18,84) = 2654,6 /;
( ) :
Q. = q .×DW. = 13199,4×0,21 = 2771,9 ;
Q1 = q 1×DW1 = 1812,1×0,14 = 253,7 ;
Q2 = q 2×DW2 = 6198,9×0,14 = 867,8 ;
Q3 = q 3×DW3 = 2654,6×0,14 = 371,6 .
( ) ( ).
L p. = l .×DW. = 90×0,21 = 18,9 /;
L p1 = l 1×DW1 = 11,4×0,14 = 1,6 /;
L p2 = l 2×DW2 = 33,9×0,14 = 4,75 /;
L p3 = l 3×DW3 = 16,7×0,14 = 2,34 /;
L p = l ×DW = 348,4×0,07 = 24,39 /;
:
V p. = L p.×u..×[293/(273 + t 1)] = 18,9×1,165×[293/(273 + 130)] = 16 3/;
V p1c= L p1c×u.1c×[293/(273 + t 2)] = 1,6×1,194×[293/(273 + 140)] = 1,36 3/;
V p2c= L p2c×u.2c×[293/(273 + t 3)] = 4,75×1,2517×[293/(273 + 160)] = 4 3/;
V p3c = L p3c×u.3c×[293/(273 + t 2)] = 2,34×1,194×[293/(273 + 140)] = 2,6 3/;
V = L p×u.×[293/(273 + t 0)] = 24,39×0,81×[293/(273 + 5)] = 20,8 3/;
13. .
t = 120 c:
. = 0,5×(G0 + G1)×t = 0,5×(10 + 9,79)×120 = 1187,4 .
() f (2) V . (3/) v. (/), .. 2.12:
f = V ./v. = 16/(0,15×10) = 10,67 2.
h 0 () r (/3) ( 5) :
h 0 = ( ./r)/ f = (1187,4/850)/10,67 = 0,13 .
h . = (2,53,0)× h 0 = 0,3250,39 = 0,38 .
f . = f ×(12/10) = 1,2× f = 1,2×10,67= 12,8 2.
()
d . = 2×(f ./p)0,5 = 2×(12,8/3,14)0,5 = 4,038 .
(2),
F . = p×(d . + d1 +d2 +d3)× h . = 3,14×(4,038 + 0,002 + 0,05 + 0,001)×0,38 = 4,88 2.
14. .. 12 , . (F . = 4,88) < (F . = 5,0); D = 2,14 %.
D < 5%, 1 , , .
15. , .
:
-32, ( 8): (n 1 = 23, n 2 = 14) (n = 18); ( = 16 .); (f = 0,00925 2); (v = 0,5×v = 0,5×10 = 5 /);
( = 1 .).
n pk (.), , V p (3/) ( , , Q , ), :
1-
n p.1 = 2× V p1/(f ×v) = 2×1,36/(0,00925×5) = 58,8;
2-
n p.2 = 2× V p2c/(f ×v) = 2×4/(0,00925×5) = 173;
3- ( )
n p.3 = 2× V p3/(f ×v) = 2×2,6/(0,00925×5) = 112,4;
n p. = 2× V p/(f ×v) = 2×20,8/(0,00925×5) = 899,4.
n (.) :
1- n p1c = n p.1/(a × ) = 58,8/(16×1) = 3,68;
2- n p2c = n p.2/(a × ) = 173/(16×1) = 10,81;
3- ( ) n p3c = 112,4/(16×1) = 7,02;
n p = n p/(a × ) = 899,4/(16×1) = 56,21.
16. , ( ) ( ), , .
( ) ( ) :
V 1 = V 1×(n 1/ n 1) = 1,36×(23/3,68) = 8,5 3/;
V 2 = V 2×(n 2/ n 2) = 4×(32/10,81) = 11,84 3/;
V 3 = V 3×(n 3/ n 3) = 2,6×(23/7,02) = 8,5 3/;
V = V ×(n / n ) = 20,8×(32/56,21) = 11,84 3/.
, , .
L 1 = L 1×(n 1/ n 1) = 1,6×(23/3,68) = 10 /;
L 2 = L 2×(n 1/ n 1) = 4,75×(32/10,81) = 14,06 /;
L 3 = L 3×(n 3/ n 3) = 2,34×(23/7,02) = 7,67 /;
L = L ×(n / n ) = 24,39×(32/52,61) = 14,84 /.
DW1 = DW1×(n 1/ n 1) = 0,14×(23/3,68) = 0,875 /;
DW2 = DW2×(n 2/ n 2) = 0,14×(32/10,81) = 0,414 /;
DW3 = DW3×(n 3/ n 3) = 0,14×(23/7,02) = 0,459 /;
DW = DW ×(n / n ) = 0,07×(32/52,61) = 0,042 /;
Q 1c = Q 1c×(n 1c/ n 1c) = 253,7×(23/3,68) = 1585,6 .
Q 2c = Q 2c×(n 2c/ n 2c) = 867,8×(32/10,81) = 2568,9 .
Q 3c = Q 3c×(n 3c/ n 3c) = 371,6×(23/7,02) = 1217,5 .
17. .
DW. (/) SW. (/)
DW. = (0,3/0,7)×SW. = 0,43×(DW1 + DW2 + DW3 + DW) = 0,43×(0,875 + 0,414 + 0,459 + 0,042) = 0,43×1,79 = 0,77 /.
L . = L .×(DW./DW.) = 18,9×(0,77/0,21) = 69,3 /.
V . = V .×(DW./DW.) = 16×(0,77/0,21) = 58,7 3/.
Q . = Q .×(DW./DW.) = 2771,9×(0,77/0,21) = 10164 .
18.
, . 16 .
W = DW. + DW1 + DW2 + DW3 + DW = 0,77 + 0,875 + 0,414 + 0,459 + 0,042 = 2,56 /.
G0 = G3 + W = 9,3 + 2,56 = 11,86 /.
w0 = 100 (G3/G0)×(100 w3) = 100 (9,3/11,86)×(100 14) = 32,56%.
(w0)c = 100×w0/(100 w0) = 100×32,56/(100 32,56) = 48,28%.
= (wc0 wc3)/[wc0 0,011×(wc0)2 9,4] = (48,28 16,28)/[48,28 0,011×(48,28)2 9,4] = 32/13,24 = 2,417.
G = 3,6×G0××() = 3,6×11,86×2,417×1 = 103,2 ./.
19. .
t 0 = q0 = 5 :
(+) () D Q () , ( ), S L . (/) . = 1,004 /(×),
D Q = S L .× .×(5 t 0) = (L . + L 1 + L 2 + L 3)× .×(5 t 0) = (69,3 + 10 + 14,06 + 7,67)×1,004×(5 5) = 0;
(+) () D Q () ( ) G0 (/), 0 = 4,19×(w0/100) + 1,55×([100 w0]/100) = 2,08 /(×),
D Q = G0× 0×(5 q0) = 11,86×2,08×(5 5) = 0.
D Q () : , q (), G (/) = 2,0 /(×) ,
D Q = G× ×0,035×(q t 0) = (G0× N)× ×0,035×(q t 0) = (11,86×2)×0,035×(59 5) = 22,4 .
Q =D Q + D Q + D Q + Q . + S Q = 0 + 0 + 22,4 + 10164 + (1585,6 + 2568,9 + 1217,5) = 15558,4 .
h = 0,95 :
= Q /(Q ×h) = 15558,4/(37204,4×0,95) = 0,44 3/;
= 0,44×r = 0,44×0,729 = 0,32 /.
(Q = 29330 /)
= Q /(29330×h) = 15558,4/(29330×0,95) = 0,558 /.
b = 3600× B /G = 3600×0,558/103,2 = 19,46 /..
h = S(DWi× q i)/(B × Q p) = (DW.× q .. + DW1× q .1 + DW2× q .2 + DW3× q .3 + DW× q .)/(B × Q p) = (0,77×1564,7 + 0,875×2354,5+ 0,414×2384,6+ 0,459×2357,8+ 0,042×2336,1)/(0,44×37204,4) = (1204,8 + 2060,2 + 987,2 + 1082,2 + 98,1)/16369,9 = 0,33.
20. .
(b = 19,46 /.) > (b = 12,2 /.), , .
21.
D = G×D b = (×G)×D b = 615×103,2×(19,46 12,2) = 460778 .
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