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:




:

































 

 

 

 


4




, . . , , .

, . , . , 9.3, , , . 9.4.

 

( /, . 9.3, ).

III, 60% Sb + 40% Pb. , 0 (t0 = 7000 C), t1 1. 0-1 9.3, . , 1, . , .

( 1-2 9.3, ). =ʖ+1=22+1=1, . . , , t = 4000 , ( ). : 68% Pb + 32% Sb ( /), : 100% Sb ( / ). , , () q qSb :

 

, ,

 

, , (, Sb).

32% Sb, 68% Sb, 100% Sb.

, :

 

; .

 

, t 59 % 41% . , , , .

t1-t2 I . 100% Sb ( / . 9.3, ).

9.5.

 

 

9.5 -

t1- t2

( . .9.3, ) , t1 t2, , . , (. .9.5), (.9.6).

 

9.6 -

 

2-2/ (. .9.3, ), .. , =0. (=2-2+1=1), 2-3 (. .9.3, ).

, . , , Pb (.9.7).

 

, , . , .

 

9.3

 

:

1) ;

2) ;

3) , ;

4) () ;

5) ( ).

9.1.

 

9.4

 

: , Cu Ni Pb - Sb, , 9.1 , , , , , (. .9.1 9.3).


9.1

 

, % , 0 , 0 ,0 ( )
t1 t2,
30%Cu+ +70%Ni       t0 t1 () 30%Cu+ 70%Ni =2-1+1=2
t1 t2 + a -. (+a) a-. + a : 30% Cu+70% Ni 78% Cu+22% Ni, a-. 93% Ni +7% Cu 70% Ni+30% Cu =2-2+1=1
t2 t3 a -. a 70% Ni+30% Cu =2-1+1=2
40%Pb+ +60%Sb       t0 t1 () 40%Pb+ 60% Sb =2-1+1=2
t1 t2 + Sb Sb + Sb 100% Sb. : 40%Pb+60%Sb 13%Sb+ +87%Pb =2-2+1=1
40%Pb+ +60%Sb       t2 , Sb, Pb : Pb+Sb +.Sb+ + (Pb+Sb) - 13% Sb + + 87% Pb; Sb - 100%; Pb 100% =2-3+1=0
t2 t3 Pb+Sb - .Sb + +(Pb+Sb) Sb - 100%; Pb 100% =2-2+1=1

 

 


:

1 , .

2 .

3 , , .


8

 

. , .

 

 

, . . , . , , .

, ( ), . . . , , . , .

, , () . (, , , ). (.10.1). , . . , . . , . - (, ), . ( ), , .

, . , .

 

, , .

 





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