.
:
- (hardware)
- (system programms)
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-
-
-
-
- (application programms)
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:
,
- - (Hardware)
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- ( ), , . , 70-80
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- FirmWare , . BIOS.
:
-
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FirmWare . . , FirmWare, FirmWare.
, HAL (Hardware abstraction layer) , .
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- . IO driver interface, , .
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: CUI GUI.
CUI cmd.exe
GUI Windows Explorer.
3 :
- 2
- 3
- 95
- 8 MetroStyle
8.1 , .