To read, to write, to take, to give, to drive, to have, to be, to go, to come, to get, to put, to understand, to make, to fall, to feel, to awake, to bring, to ring, to run, to sit, to set, to think, to drink, to find, to throw, to hit, to hurt, to buy, to cost, to send, to say, to tell, to speak, to see, to hear, to win, to ride, to catch, to hide, to let.
5. The Past Indefinite Tense (Прошедшее неопределённое время).
| + | - | ? | Who…? |
| Ved (правильный) V(2 форма) (неправильный) | did+not+Vڤ =didn’t did+not+V(1 форма) =didn’t | Did____ Vڤ? Did____V(1форма)? |    1)did
Who Ved?
Who V(2форма)?
|
Примеры образования утвердительных, отрицательных и вопросительных форм:
+ My parents worked in the garden yesterday.
My friend went to the South in summer.
- My parents didn’t work in the garden yesterday.
My friend didn’t go to the South in summer.
? 1)общий
Did my parents work in the garden yesterday?
Ответ: Yes, they did. My parents worked in the garden yesterday.
Did my friend go to the South in summer?
Ответ: Yes, she did. My friend went to the South in summer.
2)альтернативный
Did my parents work or have a rest in the garden yesterday?
Ответ: My parents worked in the garden yesterday.
Did my friend go to the South in summer or in winter?
Ответ: My friend went to the South in summer.
3)a)разделительный(+)
My parents worked in the garden yesterday, didn’t they?
Ответ: Yes, they did. My parents worked in the garden yesterday.
My friend went to the South in summer, didn’t she?
Ответ: Yes, she did. My friend went to the South in summer.
b)разделительный (-)
My parents didn’t work in the garden yesterday, did they?
Ответ: Yes, they did. They didn’t work in the garden yesterday.
My friend didn’t go to the South in summer, did she?
Ответ: Yes, she did. My friend didn’t go to the South in summer.
4)a) специальный (yesterday)
When did my parents work in the garden?
b) специальный (in the garden)
Where did my parents work yesterday?
c)специальный (worked)
What did my parents do in the garden yesterday?
d)специальный (in summer)
When did my friend go to the South?
e) специальный (to the South)
Where did my friend go in summer?
f) специальный (went)
What did my friend do in summer?
5)вопрос к подлежащему
Who worked in the garden yesterday?
Who went to the South in summer?
Употребление Past Indefinite:
1) Для выражения прошедшего действия с такими обозначениями времени, как yesterday – вчера, the day before yesterday – позавчера, last week – на прошлой неделе, two years ago – два года назад, the other day – на днях, on Monday – в понедельник, in 1995 – в 1995 году, during the war – во время войны.
Например: We went to the cinema the other day. – Мы ходили в кино на днях.
Время совершения действия может быть также выражено придаточным предложением.
Например: He called when I was at the University. – Он заходил, когда я был в университете.
Время совершения действия может, однако, и не быть указано в предложении, а подразумеваться.
Например: I hardly recognized him. – Я едва его узнал (подразумевается: когда мы встретились).
2) Для выражения ряда прошедших действий, передаваемых в той последовательности, в которой они происходили.
Например: The manager entered the office, sat down at his desk, and began to look through the morning mail. – Менеджер вошёл в офис, сел за стол и рачал просматривать утреннюю почту.
3) Для выражения обычного, повторяющегося прошедшего действия.
Например: Last winter I spent a lot of time in the library. – Прошлой зимой я проводил много времени в библиотеке.
В этом случае вместо Past Indefinite очень часто употребляется также used +инфинитив+to.
Например: Last winter I used to spend a lot of time in the library.
Упражнения для закрепления грамматики:
Exercise 1. Перепишите текст в прошедшем неопределённом времени.
On Tuesday I get up at half past six. I go to the bathroom and wash my hands and face and clean my teeth. Then I dress, go to the kitchen and cook breakfast for my family At half past seven my son gets up and has breakfast. I have breakfast with my son. My son eats a sandwich and drinks a cup of tea. I don’t drink tea. I drink coffee. After breakfast n\my son leaves home for school. I don’t leave home with my son. On Tuesday I don’t work in the morning. I work in the afternoon. In the evening I am at home. My husband and my son are at home, too. We rest in the evening. My son watches TV, my husband reads newspapers and I do some work about the house. At about eleven o’clock we go to bed.
Exercise 2. Раскройте скобки и употребите глагол в прошедшем неопределённом времени.
1) Children (to go) to the cinema after school yesterday.
2) When I studied at school, I (to learn) French.
3) My parents (to be) busy on Sunday.
4) It often (to rain) in June.
5) I (to get) an excellent mark for a dictation at the previous lesson.
6) We (to meet) at college on Monday.
7) Last week we (to have) a test.
8) In childhood I (to play) the piano very well.
9) Some years ago our friends (to move) into a new flat.
10) Yesterday I (to oversleep) and I (to be) late for the lesson.
Exercise 3. Опровергните следующие высказывания и дайте правильные ответы.
1) The Great Patriotic War began in 1945.
2) You went to school when you were 5 years old.
3) You passed an exam in English yesterday.
4) You bought 5 English books last week.
5) You were born on the 29th of February.
