4
-
, .
.
, , , . . , v q B F = q[ vB ]. .
I.
1.
, S=ℓ·d I (.1). q,
F =q[ v B ], (1)
v . v . , . - , - . , . F, , . F F , Fp = F + F =0, , , . , UH.
|
. 1. . .
F=F :
. (2)
, v j v = j /(qp), p ,
(3)
RH 1/(qp), . UH I . , ,
|
|
|
, . (1) , . . , .
, (4)
q , n . , . , .
2. .
v =μ E, (5)
μ . μH.
(6)
, I, E=U/x (U , x ),
(7)
, U = IR, I , R = ρx/(ℓd) ,
. (8)
ρ , σ .
, RH σ UH, U, .
3. .
, . UH . :
(9)
, (10)
() , Eg , NV, NC , N , k .
λ <u>
(11)
, - , ) () ) .
( ) λ : λ~-1.
(12)
, (13)
.. ~-3/2 .
 |
.2. .
, .. .
|
|
|
- . , ε . , , , . , , . λ~<u>4.
N. , . . ,
~ 
~ 
~ 
, (14)
.. . μ .
4. .
, , , . ,
(15)
- n=0
.
n- =0
. - RH . (
) - , . . n- .
II
. , .
, , , , , v. , . , v, . . , , , .. . , , , , . , - , , .
, .
, . τ τ0:
|
|
|
(16)
, μ μ:
(17)
(18)
:
(19)
K .
III. .
. 3. , , .
d=1 , ℓ=0,02 , x=0,01 . . (alternating current - ) 12 . , , (DC, direct current ) . , , ( ). , UH . U , . . Display. 30 . on/off . .
.3. .
, , . ( ) .
V.
1. .
, . 3. . . , , !!!
, . , . :
Display Ip T; ;
- ;
UH , ;
U .
Ip 0.
. , .
2.
1) UH I =250 , Ip= -30 Ip=30 5 . 1.
.1.
| Ip, | UH, |
|
|
|
2) UH Ip=30 , ~ 300 . =-250 =+250 50 . ) Ip=0 , ) , ) Ip=30 . 2.
.2.
| , | UH, |
3) . =250 Ip=30 . :
) ;
) on/off ;
) 170 º.
) on/off.
) UH ( - 170 º, - 25 º, 10 º). 3.
.3.
| t, º | T, | UH, | μH, 2/() |
4) U Ip=30 . =0 +250 20 . 4.
.4.
| , | U, | RB, | |(RB-R0)/R0| |
5) U . =0 Ip=30 . 170 º, . :
) ;
) on/off ;
) 170 º.
) on/off.
) U 170 º 10º. 5.
.5.
| t, º | T, | 1/T, -1 | U, | σ | ln σ |
