1. Trade between buyers in one country and sellers in other countries.
a) domestic trade | b) foreign trade | c) national trade |
2. An amount that is taken off the normal selling price of a product.
a)) trade surplus | b) trade mark | c trade discount |
3. A group of countries that agree to trade with each other on favourable terms.
a) trade association | b) trade block | c) trade creditor |
4. An amount that must be paid when particular goods are imported into a country, or something when they are exported.
a) barrier | b) restriction | c) tariff |
5. A limit on the amount of a particular good that may be imported into a country during a given period of time.
a) protectionism | b) quota | c) deficit |
6. A set of restrictions imposed by a government on buying and selling foreign currencies.
a) exchange control | b) exchange rate | c) foreign exchange |
7. Trade between countries with few government restrictions.
a) external trade | b) international trade | c) free trade |
8. The level of material comfort and wealth that a person or community has.
a) living wage | b) living standard | c) standard rate |
9. A situation where a country exports more goods than it imports.
a) trade investment | b) trade surplus | c) trade deficit |
10. Goods, as opposed to services, that are sold to other countries.
a) invisible exports | b) visible imports | c) visible export |
11. The transport of goods by sea or air.
a) carriage | b) freight | c) front loading |
12. An item, a service, an idea that is brought into one country from another.
a) export | b) import | c) cargo |
13. An international organization that promotes trade in goods and services between nations.
a) the World Trade Organization | b) the World Bank |
c) the International Monetary Fund |
14. The process of trying to reach an agreement through discussion.
a) negligence | b) necessity | c) negotiation |
15. An agreement, usually written and signed by those making it.
a) commerce | b) contract | c) dealings |
16. Something done in a society because of tradition.
a) customary | b) customs | c) custom |
17. The central bank, controlled by the United Nations, that lends money to member states.
a) the Central Bank | b) the Federal Reserve System |
c) the World Bank |
18. The amount by which the value of a country's imports is greater than the value of its exports.
a) trade bill | b) trade deficit | c) trade surplus |
19. An arrangement between countries to follow certain rules on pricing, import duties, etc. when buying from and selling to each other.
a) trade association | b) trade agreement | c) trade directory |
20. A small amount of money (in addition to the normal charge) to a waiter, taxi-driver, etc. to thank him/her.
a) tip | b) title | c) token |
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Unit VIII Business Communication
Lesson 1
Text: Computers
Grammar: Countable and Uncountable Nouns
Terms to remember:
application | | ; |
impact | | |
simplify (v) | | |
store (v) | | |
retrieve (v) | | , () |
data | | |
user | | |
desktop | | |
laptop | | () |
palmtop | | |
hardware | | |
software | | |
malfunction | | |
bug | | |
hacker | |
Computers
Computer use continues to grow and develop in all spheres of our life. Its applications have had a great impact on the business world. Computers have helped society by increasing productivity and simplifying many services, such as checking accounts, credit cards, and telephone service.
A computer is an electronic machine that can store, retrieve, and process data with great speed and accuracy.
A PC is a personal computer which is the standard computer for most individual users. There are various sizes of personal computer, including a desktop, and portable types such as a laptop, a notebook or a palmtop.
Hardware is the actual machinery of a computer, the circuits, wires, and drives.
Software contains the instructions that tell a computer what to do at every step along the way. Software is entered into a computer in the form of a program. Some programs (called viruses) are deliberately designed to cause problems in a computer system. They are hidden in programs, and are not obvious to users.
A virus is an error that is introduced into a program with the intention of causing a malfunction. A computer may crash and stop working altogether. This may be caused by a bug (an error in the software).
A hacker is a person who gains unauthorized access to computer systems.
Exercises in Word Study
Ex.1. Form verbs from the following nouns:
growth, application, simplicity, storage, user, intention, retrieval.