1) , , .. f (x) = 0
2) f (x) , ,
3)
27. . , .
. , (x; f(x)) y=f(x) .
. x=x0 , lim f(x) (xàx0-) lim f(x) (xà0+) .
. lim f(x) = b (xà+∞) < ∞ (lim f(x) = b (xà-∞) < ∞). y=b () .
. f(x) à ∞ à +∞ (-∞), .
. lim f(x)/x (xà+∞, xà-∞) = k const<∞ lim f(x)-kx (xà+∞, xà-∞) = b const, y=kx+b (-)
28. .
1)
2) , .
3) , f (x)=0
4) , f (x)=0
5) , , , , . !
6)
7)
29. . . .
. F(x) f(x), X, F(x)=f(x) (- X.
. (x) F(x) f(x), ()=F(x)+C, - . f(x), F(x)+C, f(x) ∫f(x)dx=F(x)+c
.
1. F(x) . f(x). ()=F(x)+C
:
1) ()=F(x)+C f(x), .. Ԓ(x) = (F(x)+C)=F(x)=f(x)
2) F1(x) F2(x) f(x). (F1(x)-F2(x))=F1(x)-F2(x)=0. F1(x)-F2(x)=C
:
1) (∫f(x)dx) = f(x)
:
(∫f(x)dx)=(F(x)+C)=f(x)
2) d(∫f(x)dx) = f(x)dx
:
d(∫f(x)dx) = (∫f(x)dx)*dx = f(x)dx
3) ∫C + f(x)dx = C*∫f(x)dx
|
|
:
:
(∫C*f(x)dx) = C*f(x)
(C*∫f(x)dx) = C*f(x)dx
4) ∫(f(x)+-g(x))dx = ∫f(x)dx +- ∫g(x)dx
5) ∫df(x) = f(x) +C
30. .
31. . .
.
. , , . : !
. . 1 dy=f (x)dx=f (U)dU : ∫f(x)dx=∫f(U)dU
. U(x), V(x) . . , : ∫UdV = UV-∫VdU
:
d(U(x)*V(x)) = = U(x)dx/dU(x) * V(x) + U(x) * V(x)dx/V(x) è UdV=dUV-VdU
U dV.
1) ∫xksinaxdx . U() xk, dV sinax, eax
2) ∫xklnxdx, ∫xkarcsinxdx. U(x) , dV xk
3) ∫eaxsinbxdx. U(x) eax, dV sinx/cosx !
∫e2xsinxdx = (e2x(2sinx-cosx)/5)+C
32. . . . .
a0+a1x+a2x2anxn
. Pm(x) Qn(x) m n. R(x) : R(x) = Pm(x)/Qn(x). , m<n, , m>=n. , .
. Qn(x) = an*(x1-c1)ν1*(x2-c2)ν2*(xl-cl)νl*(x2+px+qn) νn (1)
4 :
A/(x-a), A/(x-a)k, (Mx+N)/(x2+px+q), (Mx+N)/(x2+px+q)k
Pm(x)/Qn(x) (x-a)k k A1/(x-a) + A2/(x-a)2 + + Ak/(x-a)k ( )
.
. , 0 , log, arctg .