.


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. __




-.- .: Ҫ , 1977. ()_______________________________

(. 1, ) ______________

(. 2) _______________

__ ________________________ 200 .

__ ________________________ 200 .

__________________

 


-40 (375) 1

132,4

Nemax,

, , 14925

, r, 0,56

, , . 3.02.5

:

1k 6.17

2 3.4

3 1.79

4 1.0

5 0.78

8.05

,

66

-40/100

3200

Nemax nN, /

0,7

N

, ,% 4

2700

, n1, /

- 0,07

, S 2/2


1.

.

. - (Ne, Me, ) (n, /).

, ( ) , .

, , .

, Nemax nN, :

N n n

Ne=Ne max [a ----- + (-----)2 - (----)3] (1.1)

nN nN nN

800 800 800

N1e= 132,4×[ 1× ------ + 1(------)2 - 1×(-------)3] = 39,31 m

3200 3200 3200

1400 1400 1400

N2e= 132,4× 1 ------ + 1(------)2 - 1(-------)3] = 72,18 m

3200 3200 3200

2000 2000 2000

N3e= 132,4×[ 1 ------ + 1(------)2 - 1(-------)3] = 102,14 m

3200 3200 3200

2600 2600 2600

N4e= 132,4×[ 1 ------ + 1(------)2 - 1(-------)3] = 123,96 m

3200 3200 3200

3200 3200 3200

N5e= 132,4×[ 1 ------ + 1×(------)2 - 1×(-------)3] = 132,4 m

3200 3200 3200

n nmin nN ( 5) Dn.

̳ nmin (400...800) . , .

, . (, , ) (, ) . .

, (1.1) , . , , .

NDi = Ne× (1.2)

N1Di =39,31×0,85 = 33,41 m.

N2Di =72,18×0,85 = 61,35 m.

N3Di =102,14×0,85 = 86,82 m.

N4Di =123,96×0,85 = 105,37 m.

N5Di =132,4×0,85 = 112,54 m

NDi ni, D.

 

 

NDi

1D = 9550× ------ (1.3)

ni

33,41

1D = 9550× -------- = 398,83 ×

61,35

2D = 9550× -------- = 418,5 ×

86,82

3D = 9550× -------- = 414,6 ×

105,37

M4D = 9550× --------- = 387,03 ×

112,54

5D = 9550× --------- = 335,86 ×

.

n, /          
n ---- nN 0,25 0,4375 0,625 0,8125  
n (----)2 nN 0,065 0,914 0,390625 0,6601562  
n (-----)3 nN 0,015625 0,0837402 0,2441406 0,5363769  
n n n --- +(----) -c(--)3 nN nN nN 0,296875 0,5451661 0,7714501 0,9362537  
Ne, m 39,31 72,18 102,14 123,96 132,4
No, m 33,41 61,35 86,82 105,37 112,54
M, m 398,83 418,5 414,6 387,03 385,86

ND= f(n) MD= f(n)

2. .

:

D* *n

1 1 = ---------------, (2.1)

398,83*6,17*1*8,05*0,82

11 = ------------------------------- = 29006,4

0,56

398,83*3,4*1*8,05*0,82

21 = ------------------------------- = 15984,109

0,56

398,83*1,79*1*8,05*0,82

31 = ------------------------------- = 8415,1634

0,56

398,83*1*1*8,05*0,82

41 = ------------------------------- = 4701,2086

0,56

398,83*0,78*1*8,05*0,82

51 = ------------------------------- = 3666,9427

0,56

418,5*6,17*1*8,05*0,82

12 = ------------------------------- = 30437,034

0,56

418,5*3,4*1*8,05*0,82

22 = ------------------------------- = 16772,433

0,56

418,5*1,79*1*8,05*0,82

32 = ------------------------------- = 8830,193

0,56

418,5*1*1*1*8,05*0,82

42= ------------------------------- = 4933,0687

0,56

418,5*1*0,78*8,05*0,82

52 = ------------------------------- = 3847,7936

0,56

414,6*6,17*1*8,05*0,82

13 = ------------------------------- = 30109,754

0,56

414,6*3,4*1*8,05*0,82

23 = ------------------------------- = 16616,131

0,56

414,6*1,79*1*8,05*0,82

33 = ------------------------------- = 8747,9045

0,56

414,6*1*1*8,05*0,82

44 = ------------------------------- = 4887,0975

0,56

414,6*1*0,78*8,05*0,82

53= ------------------------------- = 3811,936

0,56

387,03*6,17*1*8,05*0,82

14 = ----------------------------------- = 28148,256

0,56

387,03*3,4*1*8,05*0,82

24 = ------------------------------- = 15511,194

0,56

387,03*1,79*1*8,05*0,82

34 = ------------------------------- = 8166,1878

0,56

387,03*1,79*1*8,05*0,82

44 = ---------------------------------- = 4562,1161

0,56

387,03*0,78*1*8,05*0,82

54 = -------------------------------- = 3558,4505

0,56

335,86*6,17*1*8,05*0,82

15 = ------------------------------- = 24426,719

0,56

335,86*3,4*1*8,05*0,82

25 = ------------------------------- = 13460,429

0,56

335,86*1,79*1*8,05*0,82

35 = -------------------------------- = 7086,52

0,56

335,86*1*1*8,05*0,82

45 = ------------------------------- = 3958,9497

0,56

335,86*1*0,78*8,05*0,82

55 = -------------------------------- = 3390,7787

0,56

, , - , , ;

Ö - , ;

n - 䳿 .

w V, /:

n *Ö

V = 0,377 ---------, /. (2.4)

**

800*0,56

V11= 0,377* -------------- = 3,4 /

6,17*1*8,05

800*0,56

V21= 0,377* -------------- = 6,17 /

3,4*1*8,05

800*0,56

V31= 0,377* -------------- = 11,72 /

1,79*1*8,05

800*0,56

V41= 0,377* -------------- = 20,98 /

1* 1*1*8,05

800*0,56

V51= 0,377* -------------- = 26,897 /

0,78*1*8,05

1400*0,56

V12 = 0,377* -------------- = 5,95 /

6,17*1*8,05

1400*0,56

V22 = 0,377* -------------- = 10,79 /

3,4*1*8,05

1400*0,56

V32 = 0,377* -------------- = 20,51 /

1,79*1*8,05

800*0,56

V42= 0,377* -------------- = 36,716 /

1*1*8,05

800*0,56

V52 = 0,377* -------------- = 47,07 /

0,78*1*8,05

2000*0,56

V13 = 0,377* -------------- = 8,5 /

6,17*1*8,05

2000*0,56

V23 = 0,377* -------------- = 15,426 /

3,4*1*8,05

2000*0,56

V33 = 0,377* -------------- = 29,3 /

1,79*1*8,05

2000*0,56

V43 = 0,377* -------------- = 52,45 /

1*1*8,05

2000*0,56

V53 = 0,377* --------------- = 67,244 /

1* 0,78*8,05

2600*0,56

V14 = 0,377* -------------- = 11,052 /

6,17*1*8,05

2600*0,56

V24 = 0,377* -------------- = 20,06 /

3,4*1*8,05

2600*0,56

V34 = 0,377* -------------- = 38,095 /

1,79*1*8,05

2600*0,56

V44 = 0,377* -------------- = 68,19 /

1*1*8,05

2600*0,56

V45= 0,377* --------------- = 87,423 /

0,78*1*8,05

3200*0,56

V15= 0,377* ---------------- = 13,6 /

6,17*1*8,05

3200*0,56

V25= 0,377* -------------- = 24,68 /

3,4*1*8,05

3200*0,56

V35= 0,377* ---------------- = 46,88 /

1,79*1*8,05

3200*0,56

V45= 0,377 -------------- = 83,92 /

1*1*8,05

3200*0,56

V55= 0,377* -------------- = 107,59 /

0,78*1*8,05

:

F = *2, 2

F = 3*2,5 = 7,5 2

, , . :

*F*V2

w = ----------,

0,5*7,5*3,42

1w1 = ------------------ = 3,35

13

0,5*7,5*6,172

2w1 = -------------------- = 11,04

13

0,5*7,5*11,722

3w1 = -------------------- = 39,8

13

0,5*7,5*20,982

4w1 = -------------------- = 127,65

13

0,5*7,5*26,8972

5w1 = ---------------------- = 209,8

13

0,5*7,5*5,952

1w2 = ------------------- = 10,27

13

0,5*7,5*10,792

2w2 = ------------------- = 33,76

13

0,5*7,5*20,512

3w2 = ---------------------- = 121,99

13

0,5*7,5*36,1762

4w2 = ---------------------- = 390,94

13

0,5*7,5*47,072

5w2 = -------------------- = 642,52

13

0,5*7,5*8,52

1w3 = -------------------- = 20,95

13

0,5*7,5*15,4262

2w3 = -------------------- = 69,009

13

0,5*7,5*29,32

3w3 = -------------------- = 248,96

13

0,5*7,5*52,452

4w3 = -------------------- = 797,79

13

0,5*7,5*67,2442

5w3 = ------------------- = 1311,31

13

0,5*7,5*11,0522

1w4 = ------------------- = 35,42

13

0,5*7,5*20,062

2w4 = ------------------- = 116,7

13

0,5*7,5*38,0952

3w4 = ------------------- = 420,86

13

0,5*7,5*68,192

4w4 = ------------------- = 1348,46

13

0,5*7,5*87,4232

5w4 = -------------- = 2216,41

13

0,5*7,5*13,62

1w5 = -------------- = 53,64

13

0,5*7,5*24,82

2w5 = -------------- = 176,64

13

0,5*7,5*46,882

3w5 = -------------- = 637,34

13

0,5*7,5*83,922

4w5 = -------------- = 2042,34

13

0,5*7,5*107,592

5w5 = -------------- = 3356,93

13

D :

Pk - Pw

D = ---------- (2.5)

Ca - g

290064 - 3,35

D11 = ------------------- = 19,8

14925*9,81

15984,109 - 11,04

D21 = --------------------- = 10,9

146414,25

8415,1634 - 39,8

D31 = ---------------------- = 5,7

146414,25

4701,2086 - 127,65

D41 = ------------------------- = 3,1

146414,25

3666,9427 - 209,8

D51 = ------------------------ = 2,4

146414,25

30437,034 - 10,27

D12 = ------------------------- = 20,8

146414,25

16772,433 - 33,76

D22 = ------------------------- = 11,

146414,25

8830,193 - 121,99

D32 = ------------------------ = 5,9

146414,25

4933,0687 - 390,94

D42 = -------------------------- = 3,1

146414,25

3847,7936 - 642,52

D52 = --------------------------- = 2,2

146414,25

30109,754 - 20,95

D13 = ------------------------- = 20,55

146414,25

16616,131 - 69,009

D23 = ------------------------- = 11,3

146414,25

8747,9045 - 248,96

D33 = -------------------------- = 5,8

146414,25

4887,0975 - 797,79

D43 = -------------------------- = 2,8

146414,25

3811,936 - 1311,31

D53 = -------------------------- = 1,7

146414,25

28148,56 - 35,42

D14 = ----------------------- = 19,2

146414,25

15511,194 - 116,7

D24 = ------------------------- = 10,5

146414,25

8166,1878 - 420,86

D34 = -------------------------- = 5,3

146414,25

4562,1161 - 1348,46

D44 = -------------------------- = 2,2

146414,25

3558,4505 - 2216,41

D54 = -------------------------- = 0,9

146414,25

24426,719 - 53,64

D15 = ----------------------- = 16,6

146414,25

13460,429 - 176,64

D25 = ------------------------- = 9,07

146414,25

7086,52 -637,34

D35 = --------------------- = 4,4

146414,25

3958,9497- 2042,34

D45 = ------------------------- = 1,3

146414,25

3390,7787 - 3356,93

D55 = --------------------------- = 0,02

146414,25

, .

n, /          
  D, × 398,83 418,5 414,6 387,03 335,86
1 V, / 3,4 5,95 8,5 11,052 13,6
1 29006,4 30437,034 30109,754 28148,256 24426,719
1 w 3,35 10,27 20,95 35,42 53,64
1 -w 29003,05 30426,764 30088,804 28112,836 24373,079
1 D 19,8 20,8 20,55 19,2 16,6
             
2 V, / 6,17 10,79 15,426 20,06 24,68
2 15984,109 16772,433 16616,131 15511,194 13460,429
2 w 11,04 33,76 69,009 116,7 176,64
2 -w 15973,069 16738,673 16547,122 15394,494 13283,789
2 D 10,9 11,4 11,3 10,5 9,07
             
3 V, / 11,72 20,51 29,3 38,095 46,88
3 8415,1634 8830,193 8747,9045 8166,1878 7086,52
3 w 39,8 121,99 248,96 420,86 637,34
3 -w 8375,3634 8708,203 8498,9445 7745,3278 6449,18
3 D 5,7 5,9 5,8 5,3 4,4
             
4 V, / 20,98 36,716 52,45 68,19 83,92
4 4701,2086 4933,0687 4887,0975 4562,1161 3958,9497
4 w 127,65 390,84 797,79 1348,46 2042,34
4 -w 4573,5586 4542,1287 4089,3075 3213,516 1916,6097
  D 3,1 3,05 2,8 2,2 1,3
             
5 V, / 26,897 47,07 67,244 87,423 107,59
5 3666,9427 3847,7936 3811,936 3558,4505 3390,7787
5 w 209,8 642,52 1311,31 2216,41 3356,93
5 -w 3457,1427 3205,2736 2500,626 1342,0405 33,8487
5 D 2,4 2,2 1,7 0,9 0,02

:

Y= *g*y, (2.6)

Y= 14925*0,0981*0,9737= 1425,6355 .

Y- ; :

Y=f*sa + sina (2.7)

f- ;

a- ;

a =rct ()

a=rct (4)=75,9638

Y= 0,015*0,2425+0,9701=0,9737

Y = 14925*0,0981*0,9737=1425,6355 .

4 .

3. .

. , 4 (.4).

, -, S1,S2,S3 y1,y2,y3. D y .

Y =f + (3.1)

Y1 = 0,015+3=3,015

Y2 = 0,015+6=6,015

Y3 = 0,015+1=2,015

 

Vmax 1,Vmax 2,Vmax 3, S1, S2, S3. S V :

S

t1 = ----- (3.2)

V

t1 = ----- = 0,21r.

t2 = ----- = 0,25r.

t3 = ----- = 0,036r.

:

å*Si

V.max = ------- (3.3)

å*ti

8+5+3 16

V.max = ---------------------- = -------- = 32,26 /.

0,21+0,25+0,036 0,496

4. - .

=f(Q) hr =f(Q). hp ` (Q) 0 50 /.

- . Q- , (-40 ), (-40/100) :

= 110,6-0,0098 Q2, (4.1)

1 =110,6-0,0098*100 =109,62 .

2 =110,6-0,0098*202 =106,68 .

3 =110,6-0,0098*302 =101,78 .

4 =110,6-0,0098*402 =94,92 .

5 =110,6-0,0098*100 =86,1 .

 

:

hp1= S Q2+Z, (4.2)

hp1= 0,07*100 +12 = 19 .

hp2= 0,07*400 +12 = 40 .

hp3= 0,07*900 +12 = 75 .

hp4= 0,07*1600 +12 = 124 .

hp2= 0,07*2500 +12 = 187 .

(.5).

5. - , 10 % , 2 = f(Q2).

.

.

 

Qi n1 n1

----- = ---- ----- = (----)2.

Qiz n2 2 n2

n1 =2700 n2 =2970

1 n1 n2*Qi

---- = --------, Qzi = ----------

Qzi n2*Qi n1

2970* 10

Qz.1= ------------- =11

2970* 10

Q2.1= ------------- =11

2970*20

Q2.2= ------------- =22

2970* 30

Q2.3= ------------- =33

2970* 10

Q2.4= ------------- =44

2970* 10

Q2.5= ------------- =55

n1 n22 *

------ = (-----)2 2i = -----------

n2 n12

29702*109,68

H 2.1 = ------------------ = 132,64

27002

29702*106,68

H 2.2 = ------------------ = 129,08

27002

29702*101,78

H 2.3 = ------------------ = 123,154

27002

29702*94,92

H 2.4 = ------------------ = 114,85

27002

29702*86,1

H 2.5 = ------------------ = 104,181

27002

` .

 

6. .

, n1 n2 .

n1 :

p*g*Qi1 *H1i

Nni = --------------------, m.

nh

1000* 9,81*0,001* 109,62

Nn1 = ------------------------------- = 1654,42 m

0,65

1000* 9,81*0,002*106,68

Nn2 = ------------------------------- = 3220,09 m

0,65

1000* 9,81*0,003* 101,78

Nn3 = ------------------------------- = 4608,28 m

0,65

1000* 9,81*0,004* 94,92

Nn4 = ------------------------------- = 5730,25 m

0,65

1000 *9,81*0,005*86,1

Nn5 = ------------------------------- = 6497,24 m

0,65

, , . N1 :

Nni

N11 = -------

mp

1654,42

N11 = ------------- = 1923,74 m

0,86

3220,09

N12 = ------------- = 3744,29 m

0,86

4608,28

N13 = ------------- = 5358,46 m

0,86

5730,25

N14 = ------------- = 6663,08 m

0,86

6497,24

N15 = ------------- = 7554,93 m

0,86

N1=f (Q1) (.5). N2= f(Q2) 10% :

N1 n1

______ = (___)3

N2 n2

n23*N1

N2 = _______

n13

29703*1923,74

N21 = ____________ = 2560,5 m

27003

29703*744,29

N22 = ____________ = 4983,65 m

27003

29703*358,46

N23 = ____________ = 7132,11 m

27003

29703*6663,08

N24 = ____________ = 8868,56 m

27003

29703*554,93

N25 = ____________ = 10055,61 m

27003

, Q1, 1 Q2, 2 , :

N= *n *Nc

N 1= 0,85*0,7*39,31 = 23,39 m

N 2= 0,85*0,7*72,18 = 42,95 m

N 3= 0,85*0,7*102,14 = 60,77 m

N 4= 0,85*0,7*123,96 = 73,76 m

N 5= 0,85*0,7*132,4 = 78,78 m

, N n1 n2 - :

1. Q2 N2 = f(Q2). , 10% (n2).

2. n2 n2 :

n = n2*

n = 2970*1,185 =3519,45

:

n 0,75* hmax

= _____ = _________

n n1

= _____ = 1,185

(.5) N2 , N2.

 

 

˲

1. , , 1993.

2. .. . , ., , 1989.

3. ., , 1989.

4. .. , .. . , 1978.

5. .. . - ., , 1973.

6. , , 1992.

7. .. . 1: - - ., , 1988.

8. .. . 1: - ., , 1988.

9. . -, ., Ҫ , 1974.

10. .. , .. , .. . - ., , 1980.





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