, n, ( ). .
- -, n=1. L- (n=2), M- (n=3), N- (n=4), . ʳ
(1.5.5)
n ― .
(1.5.5), - ( s-); L- ( s- -); - ( s-, - d-) . .
(1.5.6)
l ― .
(1.5.5), s- (l =0); p- e (l =1); d- (l =2); f- (l= 3), .
n l 1s,2s,2p ..: n , , l. 2(2 l +1) . m l, ms=1/2 ms=-1/2.
, 1s l =0, 1s .
n=1, l =0, m l =0, ms=1/2,
n=1, l =0, m l =0, ms=-1/2.
2s , l =0; 2p 2(2 l +1)=6 . :
n=2, l =1, m l =1, ms=1/2,
n=2, l =1, m l =1, ms=-1/2,
n=2, l =1, m l =0, ms=1/2,
n=2, l =1, m l =0, ms=-1/2,
n=2, l =1, m l =-1, ms=-1/2,
n=2, l =1, m l =-1, ms=-1/2.
, d- 10; f- ― 14.
. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2. s i p , 1s, 2s, 2p i 3s.
, .
뺺 , 1s1, 2s1, 3s1, .. .
뺺 :
1H 1s1
2He 1s2
3Li 1s22s1
4Be 1s22s2
5B 1s22s22p1
6C 1s22s22p2
7N 1s22s22p3
8O 1s22s22p4
9F 1s22s22p5
10Ne 1s22s22p6
18Ar 1s22s22p63s23p6
|
|
36Kr 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p6
.
, . , . . , . .
, , . , 뺺, .
, .