. . , , , ,
(9.1)
, . , , :
Z12 = r12 + jx12 - , .
x12 - , , . r12 - , . :
x12 >> r12
:
Z,- .
(9.2) (9.4) (9.1) :
(9.5), (9.6) (9.7). :
( 9.2). 1-2 .
, , .
9.2 -
r12 12 ,
U1 = const Z12 = const.
Z 1 , Z12, . . , , ,
( U1 I1 )
, Z12 , .
,
,
12* ≈ Z12* = 10300; r12* = 560; Z1* ≈ = 0,0150,07; x1* ≈ = 0,0150,07; r12* ≈ = 0,00120,012.
, . . Z , , .. / .
.. ..: .. I1 = 11 Z, r , :
|
|
11.1-
.., U1 = U1 , :
Z 12 >> Z 1, r12 >> r1,
, Z12 r12 , P0 - .
.
, , . , . .. U1, , , , ( 3-15% U1). .. .., . ( 3... 15% U1). , I12 ≈ 0.
: = 0
(10.3) , ..
(10.2) ()
(10.4) (10.1),
- ..
, (10.5) (10.4) , .. 1 ≈ 0,5 U1
10.1 - .. ( (10.5))
U1- ..
10.2 -
U, I1 = I1 I2 = I2
:
U :
Ua = U ∙ cos φ1 (10.7)
Up = U1 ∙ sin φ1 (10.8)
U = 4... 15% ( )
.. , ( , 0, 05... 0,15 ).
, , , . ~ - , , , . 2/3 - .. .. , , . r1 r2 1,05 - 1,15 , . .. :
10.3
..
I1 = f(U1) , sφ1 = const
|
|
)
)
10.4 -
, , . , , , , . I1 = f(U1), 1 = f(U1) cosφ1 = f(U1) - .. .
.
K . ~ 0,95, ( -) 0,995.
K :
ΣP - : ) , 2/3 ; ) , . =nst, U1 = const , ... (, ) I2. 2/3 .. :
U2 ≈ U2= const,
S = m 2 ∙ U2 ∙ I2 -
- .
(12.1) (12.2) :
:
β :
, β = 0,4 ÷ 0,5. η = f(β), β > β . . cosφ2, , .