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The imperative

Unit 2. Trades

Trades and training

Buildingprofessionsandjobs. .

 

bricklayer and mason [ˈbrɪkleɪəəndmeɪsn]
carpenter [ˈkɑːpɪntə]
concrete finisher [ˈkɔnkriːtˈfɪnɪʃə]
electrician [ɪlekˈtrɪʃn] ,
foreman [ˈfɔːmən]
general contractor [ˈʤenərəlkənˈtræktə]
glazier [ˈgleɪzjə]
painter [ˈpeɪntə]
plumber [ˈplʌmə]
roofer [ˈruːfə]
subcontractor [sʌbkənˈtræktə]
technician [tekˈnɪʃn]
tradesperson/tradespeople [ˈtreɪdz,pɜːsn] [ˈtreɪdz,piːpl] /
tradesman/tradesmen [ˈtreɪdzmæn] [ˈtreɪdzmən] /
tradeswoman/tradeswomen [ˈtreɪdz,wumən] [ˈtreɪdz,wɪmɪn] /
welder [ˈweldə]

 

.

 

Carpentry [ˈkɑːpɪntrɪ]
Electrical wiring [ɪˈlektrɪkəl ˈwaɪərɪŋ]
Health and safety [helθəndˈseɪftɪ]
HVAC   , ,
Masonry and concrete [ˈmeɪsnrɪəndˈkɔnkriːt]
Painting and decorating [ˈpeɪntɪŋəndˈdekəreɪtɪŋ]
Residential plumbing [rezɪˈdenʃəlˈplʌmbɪŋ]
Roofing [ˈruːfɪŋ]
General training [ˈʤenərəl ˈtreɪnɪŋ]
Classroom teaching [ˈklɑːsrʊmˈtiːʧɪŋ]
On-the-job training [ɔnðiː ʤɔb ˈtreɪnɪŋ]
Supervised training [ˈsuːpəvaɪzd ˈtreɪnɪŋ]
Training course [ˈtreɪnɪŋkɔːs]
Welding [ˈweldɪŋ]

Tradematerials

Buildingmaterials..

 

natural [næt∫ərəl]
artificial [ɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl]
decoration [dekəˈreɪʃn]
brick [brɪk]
concrete [ˈkɔnkriːt]
precast concrete [́prika:stˈkɔnkriːt]]
reinforced concrete [riːɪnˈfɔːstˈkɔnkriːt]
clay [kleɪ]
wood [wud]
rubber [́rʌbə] ,
plastics [ˈplæstɪk]
glass [gla:s]
sand [sænd]
lime and cement [[laɪməndsɪˈment]
mortar [mo:tə]
bitumen [ˈbɪtjʊmɪn]
paint [peɪnt]
putty [ˈpʌtɪ]
plasterboard [ˈplɑːstəbɔːd]
wallpaper [ˈwɔːlpeɪpə]
tile [taɪl] ,
mineral wool [ˈmɪnərəlwʊl]

 

Properties.

 

light [laɪt]
heavy [ˈhevɪ]
flexible [′fleksəbəl]
rigid [ˈrɪʤɪd]
combustible [kəm′bʌstəbl]
non-combustible [nonkəm׳bʌstəbl]
transparent [træns׳pærənt] ,
opaque [əʊˈpeɪk]
corrosion resistant [kəˈrəʊʒənrɪˈzɪstənt]
fire resistant [ˈfaɪərɪˈzɪstənt]
light resistant [laɪtrɪˈzɪstənt]
water resistant (proof) [ˈwɔːtərɪˈzɪstənt]
weather resistant [′weðərɪˈzɪstənt]
wear resistant [weərɪˈzɪstənt]
a good conductor [gu:dkən′dʌktə]
a poor conductor [puəkən′dʌktə]
heat [hi:t]
elastic [ɪˈlæstɪk]
plastic [ˈplæstɪk]
soft [sɔft]
hard [ha:d]
pervious [′pəviəs]
permeable [ˈpɜːmjəbl]
impermeable [ɪmˈpɜːmjəbl]
high (low) compressive strength [haɪkəmˈpresɪvstreŋθ] ()
high tensile strength [haɪˈtensaɪl] streŋθ]

 

Numbers

.

 

1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 a hundred / one hundred

 

 

plus [plʌs]
minus [ˈmaɪnəs]
times [taɪmz]
divided by [dɪˈvaɪdɪdbaɪ]
equals [ˈiːkwəlz]
brackets [ˈbrækɪts]

Instructions

.

adjust [əˈʤʌst]
attach [əˈtæʧ] ,
fill in [fɪlɪn]
fit [fɪt]
join [ʤɔɪn]
level [levl]
nail [neɪl]
slide onto [slaɪdˈɔntʊ]

 

base plate [beɪspleɪt] ,
brace [breɪs]
coupling pin [ˈkʌplɪŋpɪn]
frame frame [freɪm] , ,
guardrail [ˈgɑːdreɪl] ,
jack [ʤæk]
ladder [ˈlædə]
locking pin [ˈlɒkɪŋ,pɪn] ,
mudsill [ ˈmʌdsɪl ]
planking [ˈplæŋkɪŋ]
scaffolding [ˈskæfəldɪŋ] ,

 

The imperative

We can use the imperative to give instruction. Use dont (do not) before the verb to give negative instructions. Fill in the holes. Dont climb the scaffolding.
We can use the present simple instead of the imperative for informal instructions. You level the frames.

 

, , .

Use nails to join these elements. , .

To join these elements use nails. , .

to. Leveltheground.

do , not to.

Dont use bricks to level the frames.

 

Sequences

 

We can use first, next, then, after that, etc. to describe the order of instructions. First, fill in the holes. Next, adjust the jacks. Then, fit the planking.

 

first (), next (), then (), afterthat ( ), , .

Prepositions of place

 

on [ɔn]
under under [ˈʌndə]
in [ɪn]
(in) between [ɪnbɪˈtwiːn]
in front of [ɪnfrʌnt ɔv] ,
behind [bɪˈhaɪnd]
next to [neksttuː]

 

flask [flɑːsk]
hammer [ˈhæmə]
toolbox [ˈtuːlbɒks]

 



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қң қ: Ққң ұ | 3D LT.
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