»
211000.62
, 2013
ⅅ....3
腅.6
...9
ⅅ....14
ⅅ..15
. ...17
ⅅ22
腅...27
...32
.
, . . , , , , , .
:
1. , , . , , .
2. , , . , .
3. , , . , , .
, , . , . x , (x ). x , (x ).
- , . .
- , . , .
- ( ).
.
.
, , . A = { x|P(x) }, : "A x , P(x)".
, B = { x| x- , 10 }, , , B = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 }.
.
, , , .
|
|
:
-.
, , ,
.
i- , n , i- . , (i = 1), n- . . n , , ; n , , .
.
, , :
: A B - . , , A, B, . .
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; B= {2, 3, 10, 11};
={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11}
, , , .
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; B= {2, 3, 10, 11};
={2, 3}.
, .
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; B= {2, 3, 10, 11};
={1, 4, 5}.
, ,
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; B= {2, 3, 10, 11};
={1, 4, 5, 10, 11}.
.
, .
.
= {a, b, c}; B = {1, 2, 3};
={(a1), (a2), (a3), (b1)(c3)}.
.
E - , x - , R - . () A E, R, A = {mA ()/}, mA() - , 1, x R, 0 - . , x E "" R. , A E A = {mA()/}, mA() - ( ), M (, M = [0,1]). ( ) x A. M . M = {0,1}, A .
X 0 10. A X 5 8. A = [5,8] A, 1 0 X, , A . :
|
|
, 1, , A, , 0, , A.
, . B = { }.
:
A B - E.
. , A B, x E mA(x) <mB(x).
. A B , x E mA(x) = mB (x).
. [0,1]. A B ,
x E mA(x) = 1 - m B(x).
. A|B - , A B. mA|B(x) = min(mA(x), mB(x)).
. - , , , : mA B(x) = max(mA(x), m B(x)).
. -. mA-B(x) = min(mA(x), 1 - m B(x)).
.
:
1. (, ).
: .
:
0 | 1 |
1 | 0 |
2. ( , , AND).
: , .
n , 1, , 1 0 .
:
0 | 0 | 0 |
1 | 0 | 0 |
0 | 1 | 0 |
1 | 1 | 1 |
3. ( , , OR).
: , .
n , 0 0 1 .
:
0 | 0 | 0 |
1 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 1 |
4. (XOR).
:
:
0 | 0 | 0 |
1 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 0 |