x = | x = |
Z = a + ib | Z* = a ib |
Z = r (cos j + i sinj) | Z* = r(cos j i sinj) |
Z = reij | Z * = r e-i j |
| Z | = r = | ZZ* = | Z |2 |
sin(x+y) = sin x ×cos y+ sin y × cos x | sin(xy) = sin x × cos y sin y × cos x |
cos (x+y) = cos x × cos y sin x × sin y | cos(xy) = cos x × cos y + sin x × sin y |
sin2 x = 2sin x × cos y | cos2 x = cos2 x sin2 x |
sin2 x = ½(1 cos2 x) | cos2 x = ½(1 + cos 2 x) |
sin ax sin bx = ½ cos(ab) x ½cos(a+b) x | sin ax cos bx = ½ sin(a+b)x ½ sin(ab) x |
1.2.
, | , | , |
, | , | , |
, | , | , |
, | , | . |
a | ||||||
0 (360) | 30 | 45 | 60 | 90 | 180 | |
sin a | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||
cos a | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
tg a | 0 | 1 | - | 0 | ||
ctg a | - | 1 | 1 | - |
a × xb = xa+b, a/xb = xab, (xa) b = xa × b.
1.5.
l = 2p R.
S = p R 2.
()
() S = 4p R 2.
½tg ½ | ½tg()½ |
,
1018 | ||||
1015 | ||||
1012 | ||||
109 | ||||
106 | ||||
103 | ||||
102 | ||||
101 | ||||
10-1 | ||||
10-2 | ||||
10-3 | ||||
10-6 | ||||
10-9 | ||||
10-12 | ||||
10-15 | ||||
10-18 |
2.2. (SI)
( . .) | ||
opa | ||
, | ||
oeco eeca cce | ||
, | ||
( ) | ||
|
|
, | |
, | 1 Å = 10-10 |
, 2 | 1 () = 104 2 |
, | 1 = 1000 1 = 100 (. . .) = = 1,66 ×10-27 |
, | t C = (t + 273,15) |
, | 1 = p/180 , |
, | 1 = 105 , 1 . . = 9,81 , 1 . . = 133,3 1 () = 1,01 × 105 |
, | 1 / = 1,163 |
, 3 | 1 = 10-3 3 = 1 3 |
, /3 | 1 /3 = 1 /3 = 1 /3 = 103 /3 |
, , , | 1 × = 3,6× 106 1 = 4,1868× 103 = 4,19 1 - () = 1.6 × 10-19 |
, /(×) | 1 /(×) = 4,19 /(×) |
, | 1 = 1 c-1 1 / = 1 1 / = 1/60 |