(Direct Memory Access, DMA) , . , DMA, .
♦ , Slave DMA, DMA, .
♦ , Bus Master DMA, ( , ). DMA , (. 6). DMA ATA, .
DMA , , , . DMA, , , . DMA , , ( , PCI, ISA ). DMA -, .
DMA , - (PIO). PIO , DMA . DMA -, DMA . DMA , ISA. DMA : DRQx DACKx#. PC/AT 7 DMA 8- ( 03) 16- (57), . 4 ( ). PC/XT 8- , 0 . DMA i8237, PC/XT AT. . 12.3.
12.3.
DMA# | 0¹ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4² | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
| XT | MRFR | - | FDD | HDD | ||||
AT | - | - | FDD | - | - | - | - | ||
, | 1 | 2 | |||||||
, | 64 | 128 , | |||||||
1000h | 2000h | ||||||||
8 A16-A23 | 7 A17-A23 |
|
|
¹ 0 XT (MRFR).
² 4 PC/2 MCA.
16- DMA 57 ISA (bus mastering), DMA .
, DMA, ISA/EISA ( , LPT- ECP Fast Centronics, ). DMA, ISA.
, ISA, DMA PCI. DMA: PC/PCI DDMA. PC/PCI (. . 6.2.7) Intel ISA , - PCI. DDMA (Distributed DMA DMA) PCI. PCI ISA, ( ) CMOS Setup.