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My Heart’s in the Highlands 2 страница

/I/ - /e/ - /æ/

tin - ten - tan

lid - led - lad

pit - pet - pat

miss - mess - mass

big - beg - bag

/æ/ - /aI/

dan - die

pan - pie

tan - tie

lad - lime

man - mine

can - cime

van - vine

sad - side

Ex. 10
		/h/
he	hell		help	hold
him	hill		heel	held
his	hid		heat	hide
hate	hiss		hit	hat

			Ex. 11
				/qʊ/		/P/
	/qʊ/	stone	no	hope	boat	dog
Oo			so	hose	load	not
	/P/	stop	home	nose	coat	box
			bone	dose	goat	clock
oa	/qʊ/	soap	hole	pose	cold	drop
			tone	note	told	lot
o+ld	/qʊld/	mold	cope	close	sold	pot
			lone	globe	old	sock

			Ex. 12
				/ks/			/gz/
		'exit	box		next	e'xam		e'xhibit
	/ks/	fix	fox		text	e'xist		e'xample
Xx			mix		'axis	e'xit		e'xistence
	/gz/	e'xam	six		'excellent	e'xact		e'xile

LESSON 3

Letter combinations: sh, ch, tch, th, ph

Sounds: /S/ /tS/ /θ/ /ð/ /f/

Reading rules:			Ex. 13
				/S/			/tS/
sh	/S/	shine	she		cash	cheek		chip
			sheet		shape	cheap		check
	/tS/	check	sheep		shame	cheese		chess
ch	/k/	school	ship		shelf	chin		chest
	/S/	ma'chine	dish		shell	chill		child
			fish		flesh	chat		chose
			dash		shave	speech		teach

tch	/tS/	ditch	fetch		match	'kitchen		catch

	/S/ - /tS/		sheet - cheat			chill - fish
			sheep - cheap			chain - shame
			dish - chin			check - shell

Ex. 14

/θ/

/ð/

thick

depth

this

breathe

three

cloth

these

bathe

/θ/

theme

thin

tenth

that

with

theme

fifth

those

wi'thin

/ð/

this

theft

sixth

they

thy

thimble

width

then

than

thing

bath

them

'father

/ð/ - /s/ - /z/

this is

that is

there is

/z/ - /ð/

is this

is that

is there

/s/ - /θ/ - /z/ - /ð/

see - seem - sin - sat

the - these - this - that

them - self - then - send

sent - then - them - sell

see - the - seem - theme

sin - thin - silk - thick

thought - sort - fourth - force

/s/ - /θ/ - /ð/

sin - thin - then

sick - thick - these

seem - theme - them

/z/ - /ð/

lays - lathe

scythe - size

bays - bathe

loathe - lose

/t/ - /θ/

tin - thin

team - theme

tank - thank

tree - three

/d/ - /ð/

day - they

dose - those

dare - there

load - loathe

/f/ - /θ/

fan - thanks

'formal - 'thermal

free - three

fin - thin

fine - thing

first - thirst

/ð/ - /w/

where - there

when - then

Ex. 15
	/f/
phase	ֽpho'netics	'phantom
'photo	'physical	phi'losophy
'physics	'physicist	phrase

LESSON 4

Letters: Gg, Jj, Yy, Uu

Sounds: /g/ /G/ /Z/ /j/ /aI/ /I/ /ju:/ /u:/ / ʊ //A/ /a ʊ /

Reading rules:

Ex. 16

/G/

/g/

gem

page

gene

gale

gain

gist

cage

gin

big

game

/G/ gym

badge

gentle

god

got

'gypsy

'ginger

glide

globe

/g/ gave

sponge

'message

gas

peg

gone

stage

giant

stag

glad

glance

dog

/Z/

rouge

beige

'barrage

'garage

Jj /G/

jam

John

'joky

jump

jail

join

'jolly

joy

Jack

joke

just

job

			Ex. 17
			/aI/	/I/	/j/
			by	gym	yoke
			bye	lynch	yard
	/aI/	type	dye	lymph	yell
Yy	/I/	myth	style	'gymnast	year
	/j/	yes	dyke	'system	yak
			rye	hymn	yet
			cry	'tyranny	'yoga

			Ex. 18
			/ju:/			/u:/		/A/
			use			rule		up
	/ju:/	tune	fuse			true		cup
Uu	/u:/	June	tube			blue		bus
	/A/	cut	tune			'lunar		sun
			mute			clue		plus
			due			'junior		thus

ew	/ju:/	new	few			dew		'steward

				/u:/				/ ʊ /
	/u:/	moon	too		fool		good		hook
oo			room		spoon		stood		cook
	/ʊ/	book	cool		sa'loon		hood		took
		good	moon		food		foot		loot

ou	/aʊ/	out	a'bout		house		loud		cloud
			mouth		south		proud		sound

				/q ʊ /				/a ʊ /
	/qʊ/	snow	low		'yellow		owl		clown
ow			show		'fellow		cow		gown
	/aʊ/	brown	slow		'window		how		'vowel
			grow		row		down		'flower

LESSON 5

Letters: Ww, Qq, Rr

Sounds: /w/ /r/ /ŋ/

Reading rules:

Ex. 19

/w/

wet

wit

wink

which Ww /w/ well

wake

went

whip wale

woke

will

while wh /w/ when wave

weep

whelm weak

week

with

whence west

wife

wi'thin

white

qu /kw/ quick quite

quest

queen

'liquid

/w/ - /v/ - /f/

wise - vise

wind - fint

whelm - velt

weak - 'very

wet - vet

wine - vine

west - vest

well - veil

will - vill

wane - vane

weal - veal

worse - verse

wall - 'follow

/v/ - /w/

'very wise

'very weak

'very warm

'very 'weedy

'very weird

'very 'weary

'very well

'very wet

'very wide

'very wild

'very 'wily

'very 'windy

'very 'witty

'very 'worried

		Ex. 20
				/r/
		race	rich		price	riddle
		rise	root		prime	strange
		red	stress		dry	'hybrid
		rate	three		try	'crystal
		role	cry		grid	street
		risk	rest		rail	'ferry
		road	French		room	green
		'marry	'carry		train	'sorry

wr	/r/	write	wrap		wreath	wreck
		wrist	wrench		wrote	wrist
		wrong	wring		wrestle	wrinkle

Linking /r/:		a 'doctor of, 'summer is, a 'teacher of, 'winter is, the 'centre of, in 'winter and, the 'paper is, are on the table, 'four or two, a 'teacher of English, a 'doctor of medicine, are in the bag, are at home

			Ex. 21
			/ŋ/		/ŋg/	/ŋk/
	/ŋ/	sing	king	'living	'England	link
ng			sing	'sitting	'English	pink
	/ŋg/	angle	thing	'hoping	single	think
nk	/ŋk/	ink	long	'smiling	'hungry	bank
			song	'spacing	'angry	tank

	/n/ - /ŋ/		sin - sing		win - wing
			thin - thing		skin - king
			win - wink		kin - king
			ran - rang		sun - sung
			sane - sang		rain - ring

LESSON 6

Sounds: /Q:/ /L/ /W/ /q/

Reading rules:

Ex. 22

/Q:/

arm

card

dark

pass ar

/Q:/

car are

hard

charge

task

bar

start

sharp

fast

a+s+cons.

far

park

'carbon

grasp

a+f+cons.

/Q:/

car

mark

large

'after

a+n+cons.

star

part

scarf

dance

a+th

jar

'party

'article

'father

Ex. 23

/L/

north

bore

talk

/L/

port

for

horse

ball

ore

/L/

bore

nor

norm

core

chalk

pork

torn

be'fore

fall

a+l+cons.

/L/

cord

horn

sore

tall

form

short

ore

walk

force

fork

store

small

/L/ - /Q:/

sort - star

force - far

for- far

bore - bar

more - mark

core - car

fork - farm

lord - large

/A/ - /P/ - /Q:/ - /L/

stuck - stock - stark - stalk

cut - cod - card - cord

bun - box - barn - born

but - pot - part - port

Ex. 24

/W/

herd

first

turn

fern

her

nerve

thirst

burn

bird

/W/

firm

term

circle

'curtain

purple

myrtle

serf

third

hurt

'person

curl

serve

whirl

spur

skirt

berth

birth

fur

purse

/L/ - /W/

horn - her

port - perl

fort - first

thorn - third

north - thirst

born - burn

store - stir

form - firm

score - skirt

torn - turn

for - fur

norm - nerve

/W/ - /L/ - /Q:/

'curtain - core - car

'certain - sore - 'sardine

'person - port - part

'burden - bore - bar

turn - torn - tart

burst - 'border - barn

wor

/ wW /

work

word

'worship

world

'worker

worst

worm

worse

worth

			Ex. 25
				/q/
ar			'popular	'silver	'visitor
er	/q/	in an unstressed position	'solar	'number	'factor
or	/q/	in an unstressed position	'similar	'summer	'sector
ur			'murmur	pur'sue
				/q/
			'miner	'farmer	'paper
			'letter	'corner	'over
			'under	'doctor	'teacher
Unstressed vowels:
			/i/	/q/	/ - /
e, i, y	/i/		'pocket	o'ppose	'taken
a, o, u	/q/		'planet	co'mbine	'spoken
e, i, o	/ - /	at the end of words before l, n	e'mit	a'like	'person
e, i, o	/ - /	at the end of words before l, n	im'pose	a'ssume	'lesson
ai+n	/ - /		'valid	su'pply	'pencil
			'copy	su'spect	'curtain
			'lady	su'ggest	'certain

LESSON 7

Sounds: /eq/ /Iq/ /aIq/ /j ʊ q/

Reading rules:

Ex. 26

/eq/

care

chair

rare

a+r+vowel

fare

bare

pair

/eq/

dare

hair

square

a+vowel+r

fair

spare

'parent

fare

a'ware

pre'pare

'various

/R/ - /eq/

car - care

bar - bare

far - fare

dark - dare

park - pare

chart - share

			Ex. 27
				/Iq/
			mere	fear		beer
e+r+vowel		here	sphere	dear		feer
	/Iq/		'herence	near		'serious
e+vowel+r		peer	se'vere	ear		Si'beria

	/W/ - /Iq/		her - here		merge - mere
			serve - se'vere		'person - sphere

			Ex. 28
				/aIq/
			tired	lyre	re'quire
ire		fire	wire	dyre	hire
	/aIq/		spire	'Cyrus	in'spire
yre		tyre	'iron	byre	sa'tire
			en'tire	'syren	'diary

			Ex. 29
				/jʊq/
		pure	mure	se'cure	'purity
u+r+vowel	/jʊq/	cure	'mural	en'dure	'curious
		lure	'fury	'during	'durable

Ex. 30

ex'perience

'series

ma'terial

co'herent

su'perior

'tyrant

'variable

Hun'garian

co'herence

re'quiring

ֽengi'neering

im'perialism

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