computer programming, an original formulation of a computing problem to executable programs, activities such as analysis, understanding, solving such problems resulting in an algorithm, verification of requirements of the algorithm, correctness and its resource consumption, implementation or coding of the algorithm in a target programming language, testing, debugging, and maintaining the source code, implementation of the build system and management of derived artefacts such as machine code of computer programs, programming languages (such as C++, C#, Java, Python, Smalltalk, JavaScript, etc.). to find a sequence of instructions automating performing a specific task or solving a given problem, knowledge of the application domain, specialized algorithms and formal logic, software engineering, programming, implementation of a program, fundamental properties, reliability, the results of a program are correct, conceptual correctness of algorithms, minimization of programming mistakes, mistakes in resource management,buffer overflows,race conditions, logic errors, division by zero or off-by-one errors, robustness,anticipating problems due to programmer error, incorrect, inappropriate or corrupt data, unavailability of needed resources, memory, operating system services and network connections,user error, usability,ergonomics of a program, a wide range of textual, graphical and hardware elements, the clarity, intuitiveness, cohesiveness and completeness of a program's user interface, portability, the range of computer hardware and operating system platforms,a program can be compiled/interpreted and run, programming facilities, different platforms, hardware and operating system resources, behaviour of the hardware and operating system, availability of platform specific compilers (and sometimes libraries) for the language of the source code, maintainability, a program can be modified, present or future developers, make improvements or customizations, fix bugs and security holes, adapt the program to new environments, end user, affect the fate of a program over the long term, efficiency/performance, the amount of system resources a program consumes (processor time, memory space, slow devices such as disks, network bandwidth and user interaction), correct disposal of some resources, cleaning up temporary files and lack of memory leaks, aprogramming language,formal language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer, create programs controlling the behaviour of a machine and/or expressingalgorithms, computer field, a sequence of operations to perform, utilize other forms of program specification, two components of syntax (form) and semantics (meaning), the C programming language specified asISO Standard, other languages, such as Perl 5, different styles of programming,programming paradigms, company policy, suitability to task, availability of third-party packages, or individual preference, programmers who know the language to build a team, the availability of compilers for that language, and the efficiency with which programs written in a given language execute, "low-level" to "high-level"languages, basic instructions of every language,input, data from the keyboard, a file, or some other device, output, display data on the screen, send data to a file or other device, arithmetic, arithmetical operations like addition and multiplication, conditional execution, check conditions and execute the appropriate sequence of statements, repetition, perform some action repeatedly, usually with some variation, a mechanism to call functions provided by shared libraries., the functions in a library with appropriate run time conventions, method of passing arguments
Exercise 3. What do you know about these notions?
