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7.

 

 

, , . (. . 2) , ().

.

, [1]:

● 1- ;

● 2- (acrc 1 ≤ 0,2 ), ();

● 3- (acrc 1≤0,4 ) (crc 2≤0,3) .

, , .

1- γf>l ( ), 2- 3- γf=l.

1- , (, ), . 2- 3- . 3- .

. , (0,65...0,85)Rbp (. 3.4).

■ . - 1, , , , Rbt,ser. ( ) (σspσlosssp+2aRbt,ser. (σ89)+2aRbt,ser.

. , N , Ncrc:

σssEs = εbtuEs=(Rbt,ser/ v tEb)Es = 2aRbt,ser; v t = 0,5;

, , .

. 7.1.

 

. , crc, :

, (. 7.1, )

,

Wred ; Wred=Ired/y0; Ired , ; y0 , .

crc, , : M1, 0, 2, 0 Rbt,ser:

M1 . , (. 7.1, ).

(7.4) (7.7)

r=Wred/Ared (. 7.1, ); rp , () .

2 , , Rbt,ser. . (. 7.1, )

Wpl , Wpl = Wredψ, ψ , [1], ψ = 1,75. (7.8) (7.9) (7.6),

.

γb4 , [1]; σmt , , (4.30) .

. γf = l II - . . , Δbt crc (. 7.2):

. 7.2.

 

Δas εsm lcrc,

εsmsεs, ψs , ,

εs σs .

, . -

d ; η , ; μ .

(7.15) (7.14),

, 1,5 crc, (7.16). , crc, , (7.16), , :

δ , δ=1, δ = 1,2; φl , , ; φl = 1, φl=1,5; η , η = 1, η = 1,3; μ , μ<0,02; σs S ( ) : - σs=N/As, as = (NP)/(Asp+As), σs=M/(Asz), σs=[MP(zesp)]/[(Asp+As)z]; z ; esp Sp .

, , , . , , . 2- crc1 (7.17) . 3- crc crc3

acrc1 acrc2:

crc2 , crc1, cr2, acrc3 (7.17) .

● , . . , . [1],

σsw :

Q Qb1 (4.47), Rbt Rbt,ser; φb4 0,8; d w ; μ w =A sw /bs.

■ () . 2- (, ) , . , ; . .

, :

● , ,

osp ; as , , (7.17);

● . σb 0,5 . σb

(3.10) (3.11); r=Wred/Ared.

, , - , . [1] , , (4.29) 0,5 .

 

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