, ( , ) , . . , ( , ; , , ).
, , (, , , ., ). char, short, int, long, .
~ | ( , 1) |
& | 1 , 1 |
| | 1 , 1 |
^ | 1 , |
!!! , C++ , .
.
, , . true 1, false 0. , .
A |
B |
| |||
~ A | & | | | ^ | ||
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 & 22 4, :
1210 = 16 = 000011002 ( char)
&
2210 = 1616 = 00010110 2
000001002 = 410
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 | 22 30, :
1210 = 16 = 000011002 ( char)
( - or) +
2210 = 1616 = 000101102
__________
000111102 = 1* 24 +1*23+ 1*22+ 1* 21 =3010;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
2 ( )
12 ^ 22 26, :
1210 = 16 = 000011002 ( char)
( ^)
2210 = 1616 = 000101102
__________
000110102 = 1* 24 +1*23+ 1* 21 =2610;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 << 7 256, :
210 = 00000000 000000102 ( unsigned short)
7 1 7 :
00000001 000000002 = 1 * 28 = 256;
256 >> 6 4, :
25610 = 00000001 000000002 ( unsigned short)
6 1 6 :
00000000 000001002 = 410;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
& :
4 char : ( & 16) == 16;
4, 2, 1 char : ( & 22) == 22;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
& :
2 char ( ) : & 251 (255 , ( & 255) , 2 4, & (255-4) 2;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| :
2 char ( ) : | 4;
4, 2, 1, 0 char ( ) : | 23;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Y = X & 15 Y = X & $F 4 ( char), .. $F = 15 = 00001111. , .
!!! % :
// HF() K- L- (K < L) key int HF(int key, int K, int L);{ key >>= K; // K , 0 K-1 return key % int(pow(2.0, L-K+1))// key L-K+1 }-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
, . .
|
|
, . .
, , , ( , , ). , () , . , , , , (, ), .
: , , . , , , , ( ++ break) ( ++ continue).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
++:
++ :
while:
while (-)
_;
do-while:
do
_;
while (-)
for:
for (; -; )
;
( ) , , ; , ;
- ( ), ( true, .. ).
, -;
:
() -;
;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
while . .
while (-) . - . , , false, , .. . , , true, . , .
: , , ( , ; ). ().
, , .. - . - true ( ), , . - false, .
|
|
n pow_my():
Int pow_my (int a, int n)
{
int p=1, k=n;
while (k>0)
{p *=a; k--;}
return p;
}
while : while (true) ..
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
do-while , while, - , , while, . , , .