.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


- 7

:

 

1

: :

) Mz;

) ;

) .

_____

7.1-

:

1 : , , . .

2 , (∙):

_________________________________________________

3

3.1

3.2

4 .

:

: .

________________________________________________________________

 

________________________________________________________________

 

________________________________________________________________

 

________________________________________________________________

 

________________________________________________________________

 

________________________________________________________________

.

________________________________________________________________

 

________________________________________________________________

 

________________________________________________________________

 

________________________________________________________________

:

: .

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.

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5 z .

zi =

6

7

III

8

;

: d = .

 


- 7

:

 

: :

) ;

) ;

) .

_____

7 -

:

1 ,

,

η1, η2, η - ;

- ;

η1= ;

η2= ;

η=0,99 .

η=

2 , :

 

3 :

- ;

4

5

= 򠠠

n = -1 ______________________

=

n = -1

6 ࠠ

6.1

6.2

1,6; 2; 2,5; 3,15; 4; 5; 6,3 ( );

7

8

,(∙)

- , n - -1

: ________________________________________________________

 

- 8

:

8.1

: , :

) , ;

) ;

)

 

_____

8 -

:

1 ,

𝑎𝜔 -

1.1

:

_____________ ____________________ _____________ ______________ ____________________ _____________

 

 

, /2

[ σ ] = σ limb · K L /[ n ],

σ limb , /2 ;

K L ;

[ n ] - ;

K L = 1

σ limb =

,

[ σ ] =

1.2

Ψ ba =

1.3

KH = K· K· K ,

K , ;

K - , ;

K , 1643-72

KH =1

𝑎𝜔 =

2185-66

𝑎𝜔 =

1.4

mn = (0,01÷ 0,02) ∙ 𝑎𝜔,

mn =

mn = 젠 9653-60

1.5

Z 2 = Z Z 1 =

u ׳ = Z 2 Z 1 =

 

1.6 , 13733-77

da = d + 2mn

df = d - 2,5 mn

b 2 = Ψ ba · 𝑎𝜔

b 1 = b 2 + (3 ÷ 5)

1

Z 1 = d 1 = df 1 = da 1 = b1 = Z 2 = d 2 = df 2 = da 2 = b2 =

1.7 ,

2

, - ࠠ

M 2 = ∙;

ω = ;

u =

b 2 = .

υ, /

d 1 = - ;

n 1 = / - ;

, /2

()



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