1. .
2. . .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. ?
7. , .
8. , ?
9. , ?
10. ?
Ex. 4. In this exercise you have to talk about your (and other peoples) future plans. But you are not sure what is going to happen. Use may or might.
Example: Where are you going for your holidays? (to Italy?)
I havent finally decided but I may (or might )go to Italy.
1. What sort of car are you going to buy? (a Mercedes?) I am not sure yet but
2. What are you doing this weekend? (go to London?) I am not sure but .
3. Where are you going to hang this picture? (in the dining-room?) I dont
know for sure but .
4. When is Tom coming to see us (tomorrow evening?) I am not sure but
5. Whats Jill going to do when she leaves school? (a secretarial course?)
She hasnt decided yet but .
6. Where are you going for you weekend? (to Ireland?) I havent finally
decided but .
7. What are you doing this Sunday? (go to the cinema?). I am not sure but
8. When is Kate coming to my place? (on Saturday?) I am not sure but.
9. Where are you going to place that bookcase? (in the study?) I havent made up my mind yet but .
10. What is Julia going to do when she leaves university? (to look for a job?)
She hasnt decided yet but .
Ex. 5. Talk about possible happenings. Use the words in brackets
Example: Do you think it will rain this afternoon?(may) It may rain thisafternoon.
1. Do you think Ann will come to the party? (might not) She .
2. Do you think Tom will be late? (may) He
3. Do you think Jill will be able to find our house? (might not). She .
4. Do you think therell be an election this year? (might) There .
5. Do you think Tony will pass the exam? (may not).
6. Do you think theyll be waiting for us when we arrive? (might)
7. Do you think itll snow later? (may)
8. Do you think my parents will go to the theatre tonight? (might not)
9. Do you think Ill go out this evening? (may not)
10. Do you think Tom will like the present I bought for him? (may not)
11. Do you think Sue will be able to meet us this evening? (might)
Ex. 6.Put modal verbs may/might or can/could
1. I use your pen?
2. I find a pen on that table?
3. You read this book. You know the language well enough.
4. You take this book: I dont need it.
5. I help you?
6. I ask you to help me?
7. She asked if she use my telephone?
8. He knew this period of history very well: he had read everything on the
subject he find in the rich university library.
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9. I offer you my seat?
10. He be at school now. He is ill.
Must
| , . | - | I must go. Must I go? | . ? | |
| - | You mustnt do it. | () . | ||
| He must have read the book. He must be sleeping. | , , . , . |
must-may-might-cant (uncertainty, probability)
Ex. 1. Translate into English using must/may/might/cant
1. , , .
2. , , .
3. , ( )
4. , .
5. .
6. , .
7. , .
8. .
9. , .
10. ?
11. , .
12. , .
13. , ( ).
14. , .
15. .
Need
| She neednt go there. | . | |||
| Need I do it? | ? | |||
| You neednt have spent all the money. | . |
Ex. 1. Write a sentence with neednt
Example: Shall I do the shopping now? (no/this afternoon)
No you neednt do it now. You can do it this afternoon.
1. Shall I clean the windows today? (no/tomorrow)
2. Shall I type this letters now? (no/later)
3. Shall I go to the bank this morning? (no/this afternoon)
4. Shall we leave home now? (no/in an hour)
5. Shall I do the task at once? (no/after you have dinner)
6. Shall I go to the post-office today? (no/tomorrow)
7. Shall I lay the table now? (no/in the evening)
8. Shall I wash up now? (no/later)
9. Shall I translate this article now? (no/tomorrow)
10. Shall I help you? (no/later)
Ex. 2. Complete the sentence with must, mustnt or neednt
Example: We havent got much time. We must hurry.
Weve got plenty of time. We neednt hurry.
1. Do you want me to wait for you? No, its okay. You wait.
2. Tom gave me the letter to post. I forget to post it.
3. You come if you dont want to but I hope you will.
4. What sort of house do you want to buy? Something big? Well, it be big,
thats not important. But it have a nice garden thats essential.
5. We have enough food at home so we go shopping today.
6. This book is very valuable. You look after it very carefully and you lose it.
7. We havent got much time. We hurry.
8. Theres plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You decide now.
9. My mother gave me a shopping list. I forget to buy something.
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10. You wash those tomatoes. Theyve already been washed.
Ex. 3. Write a sentence with neednt have
Example: I dont know why we hurried. We neednt have hurried.
1. I dont know why they left so early. They .
2. I dont know why she shouted at me like that. She .
3. I dont know why he read the whole book. ..
4. I dont know why she cancelled her holiday. .
5. Tom went out and took an umbrella with him because he thought it was
going to rain. But it didnt rain. ...
6. Ann bought some eggs. When she got home she found that she already had
plenty of eggs...
7. Jack got very angry with Jill and threw a book at her. Later Jill said: I know you were very angry but ..
8. Brian had no money, so he sold his car. A few days later he won a lot of
money in a competition. .
9. A friend got angry with you and shouted at you. You think this was
unnecessary. Later you say: You .
10. When we went on holiday, we took the camera with us but we didnt use it in the end .
11. I thought I was going to miss my train so I rushed to the station. But the train was late and in the end I had to wait 20 minutes. .
Ex. 4. Translate into English using modal verb need
1. ?
2. .
3. .
4. : .
5. .
6. : .
7. ? , .
8. : .
9. : .
10. ? , .
To have to to be to
| To have to | I had to ask for help. | ||
| To be to | They are to come at 5 oclock. They were to come at 5 oclock. | 5 . 5. |
Ex. 1. Put modal verb to have to or to be to
1. She to send a telegram because it was late to send a letter.
2. They decided that she to send them a telegram every tenth day.
3. You..to learn all the new words for the next lesson.
4. It is raining. You to put on your raincoat.
5. The planters to gather their cotton at once, as they had been warned that
heavy rains were expected.
6. You to learn this poem for tomorrow.
7. I to wear glasses as my eyesight is very weak.
8. You to stay in bed for a few days, ordered a doctor.
9. The child to take castor oil as he has a stomach trouble.
10. This week we to meet a famous scientist.
Ex. 2. Complete these sentences with must or have to
Example: Well, its 10 oclock. I have to go now.
1. Ann was feeling ill last night. She leave the party early.
2. You really work harder if you want to pass that examination.
3. Many children in Britain wear uniform when they go to school.
4. Last night Tom suddenly became ill. We call the doctor.
5. Ann has wear glasses since she was eight years old.
6. Im afraid I cant come tomorrow. I work late.
7. Im sorry I couldnt come yesterday. I work late.
8. Tom may go away next week.
9. We couldnt repair the car ourselves. We take it to the garage.
10. When you come to London again, you come and see us.
Ex. 3. Make questions with have to
Example: Tom had to go to the police station.Why did he have to go to the police station?
1. Ann has to leave tomorrow. What time exactly ?
2. We had to answer a lot of questions in the examination. How many
questions ?
3. George had to pay a parking fine. How much ?
4. I have to get up early tomorrow. Why ?
5. I had to go to hospital last week. Why ?
6. Jill has to go somewhere now. Where ?
7. I had to wait a long time for the bus. How long ?
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8. I have to phone my sister now. Why ?
9. Paul has to leave soon. What time ?
10. I have to do my flat now. Why ?
Ex.4. Make negative sentences with have to
Example: Did they change trains?No, it was a through train so we didnt have to change them..
1. Did you pay to get into the concert? No, we had free tickets so we .
2. Does Jack shave? No, hes got a beard so .
3. Did you get up early this morning? No, its my day off so .
4. Do you work? No, I am extremely rich so .
5. Will you get up early tomorrow? No, I am not working tomorrow so .
6. Why did you return early from the bank this morning? There was no queue,
so I .
7. Why dont you hurry? Weve got plenty of time so
8. Did they go to the University yesterday? No, it was Saturday so .
9. Did the man go to hospital? No, he felt better so .
10. Does your sister go to school? No, she is five only so .
Should ought to
| . | You should (ought to) be always polite. You should not (ought not to) tell lies. | . . | |
| You should (ought to) have helped me. You shouldnt (oughtnt to) have done it. | . . | ||
| You should (ought to) see a doctor. You shouldnt (oughtnt to) go there. | . . | ||
| He should (ought to) be at home now. There should (ought to) be no difficulties. | , , . . |
Ex. 1. Complete the sentences with should (have ) + the verb in brackets
Example: Margaret has been studying very hard. She should pass the exam.
1. You missed great party last night. You . (come)
2. We dont see you enough. You and see us more often. (come)
3. Im in a difficult position. What do you think I ? (do)
4. Im sorry that I didnt take you advice. I what you said. (do)
5. Im playing tennis with Jill tomorrow. She much better than me so she
(win).
6. We lost the match but we . We were the better team. (win)
7. John isnt here yet but he here soon. (be)
8. I posted the letter three days ago, so it by now. (arrive)
9. I am feeling sick. I ate too much. I so much. (eat)
10. When we got to the restaurant, there were no free tables. We one.
(reserve)
Ex. 2. Complete the sentences with should (have ) or had to
1. I (to write) this composition yesterday, but I was too busy as I (to
translate) a very long text from English.
2. I not (to take) my little brother to the evening performance, he was so
exited; but I really (to do) so, for there was nobody at home to leave him with.
3. You (to see) our team play! You have missed a lot. You (to go) to the
stadium.
4. It was a very important meeting and we (to attend) it. Thats why we
returned home late.
5. He (to attend) the lesson: the material which the teacher explained was
very difficult, and now it will be impossible for him to write the test-paper well.
6. Although he felt unwell, he (to attend) the lesson because the teacher
explained some very difficult material.
Ex. 3. Translate into English using modal verbs can/may or neednt
1. .
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2. .
3. .
4. : .
5. , .
6. , .
7. .
8. .
9. : .
10. .
11. : .
12. , .
13. : .
Ex. 4. Now you have to translate into English using can(cant) / may / must / neednt/shouldnt
1. , , .
2. , , .
3. , , .
4. , , , .
5. , , , .
6. , , , .
7. , .
8. , .
9. : .
10. : .
11. : .
12. : .
13. : .
14. .
15. .
16. .
