1. the party / Linda / to / come / might / tonight.
2. round / work / have to / farmers / the year / all.
3. you / not / hospital / noise / must / make / in.
4. the light / I / switch / may / on?
5. your / look / could / passport / I / at?
6. my / cook / can / quite / wife / well.
7. catch / last / able to / we / were / train / the.
8. not / jeans / you / must / wear / to / school.
9. didnt / you / drink / have to / much / yesterday / so.
10. ought to / bill / Robert / the electricity / pay / today.
11. better / we / find / a / should / job.
12. too much / you / salt / and / eat / sugar / shouldnt.
13. do / get / to / Turkey / I / have to / a visa?
14. he / manners / improve / his / needs to.
15. neednt / you / complain.
Reported Speech (/ )
, . .
, , (.. said, told), , , . , ( ) .
| : | He said the test was difficult. | , |
| She said she watched TV every day. | , | |
| Jack said he came to school every day. | , |
, , .
| : | She said, I want to bring my children. → She said she wanted to bring her children. |
| Jack said, My wife went with me to the show. → Jack said his wife had gone with him to the show. |
, .
today, tonight → that day, that night
tomorrow → the day after / the next day / the following day
yesterday → the day before / the previous day
now → then / at that time / immediately
this week → that week
next week → the week after / the following week
last week → the week before / the previous week
ago → before
here → there
| : | She said, I want to bring my children tomorrow. → She said she wanted to bring her children the next day. |
| Jack said, My wife went with me to the show yesterday. → Jack said his wife had gone with him to the show the day before. |
, . , .., + , , .
|
|
|
, , if .
, (why, where, when ..), .
| : | She asked, Do you want to come with me? → She asked me if I wanted to come with her. |
| Dave asked, Where did you go last weekend? → Dave asked me where I had gone the previous weekend. |
, , , . , Simple past, present perfect past perfect → past perfect .
| SIMPLE PRESENT → SIMPLE PAST | |
| I work in Google. I dont work in Yahoo. I am a construction engineer. Im not an accountant. | He said he worked in Google. He said he didnt work in Yahoo. He said he was a construction engineer. He said he wasnt an accountant. |
| PRESENT CONTINUOUS → PAST CONTINUOUS | |
| Im cleaning my flat today. Im not going to the office today. Mary is singing in the show. She isnt dancing in the show. | He said he was cleaning his flat that day. He said he wasnt going to the office that day. Lee said that Mary was singing in the show. He said she wasnt dancing in the show. |
| PRESENT PERFECT → PAST PERFECT | |
| Ive already read that book. I havent heard of that film before. Gary has called yesterday. He hasnt left any messages. | She said she had already read that book. She said she hadnt heard of that film before. Jack said Gary had called the previous day. He said Gary hadnt left any messages. |
| PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS → PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS | |
| Jeff has been running. He hasnt been working. Celine and Lee have been walking through the forest. They havent been shopping. | She said Jeff had been running. She said he hadnt been working. Ling said they had been walking through the forest. She said they hadnt been shopping |
| SIMPLE PAST → PAST PERFECT | |
| I saw my ex-boyfriend. I didnt see the robbery. I arrived on time. I wasnt late. | She said she had seen her ex-boyfriend. She said she hadnt seen the robbery. He said he had arrived on time. He said he hadnt been late. |
| PRESENT MODALS → PAST MODALS | |
| I will mop the floor. I wont come. | She said she would mop the floor. He said he wouldnt come. |
| I can run fast. I cant play chess. | He said he could run fast. He said he couldnt play chess. |
| There may be a traffic jam. There may not be any sugar left. | She said there might be a traffic jam. She said there might not be any sugar left. |
| HAVE TO / HAS TO MUST → HAD TO | |
| I have to clean the flat. I dont have to clean the garage. | He said he had to clean the flat. He said he didnt have to clean the garage. |
| Sara has to go to hospital today. She doesnt have to go to work. | Peter said Sara had to go to hospital that day. He said she didnt have to go to work |
| I must go to the dentist. | She said she had to go to the dentist. |
| : would, could, might, ought to, should | |
| I would like a cup of coffee. | He said he would like a cup of coffee. |
| I couldnt be at the wedding ceremony. | She said she couldnt be at the wedding ceremony. |
| It might snow today. | The weatherman said it might snow that day. |
| You really ought to do the test. | The teacher said I really ought to do the test. |
| You should be nicer to your step-brother. | My dad said I should be nicer to my step-brother. |
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Exercises
1) . She said .
1) "He works in a bank"
______________________________
2) "We went out last night"
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3) "I'm coming!"
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4) "I was waiting for the bus when he arrived"
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5) "I'd never been there before"
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6) "I didn't go to the party"
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7) "Lucy will come later"
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8) "He hasn't eaten breakfast"
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9) "I can help you tomorrow"
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10) "You should go to bed early"
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11) "I don't like chocolate"
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12) "I won't see you tomorrow"
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13) "She's living in Paris for a few months"
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14) "I visited my parents at the weekend"
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15) "She hasn't eaten sushi before"
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16) "I hadn't travelled by underground before I came to London"
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17) "They would help if they could"
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18) "I'll do the washing-up later"
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19) "He could read when he was three"
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20) "I was sleeping when Julie called"
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2) . . She asked me .
1) "Is John at home?"
______________________________
2) "Am I late?"
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3) "Is it cold outside?"
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4) "Are they in Paris?"
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5) "Is the bus stop near the shopping centre?"
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6) "Is the milk fresh?"
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7) "Are you a doctor?"
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8) "Are James and Lucy from France?"
______________________________
9) "Is my brother in the garden?"
______________________________
10) "Is the weather good in Shanghai in the summer?"
______________________________
11) "Does Julie drink tea?"
______________________________
12) "Do you like chocolate?"
______________________________
13) "Do they own a flat?"
______________________________
14) "Does David go to the cinema often?"
______________________________
15) "Do the children study Chinese?"
______________________________
16) "Do they go on holiday every summer?"
______________________________
17) "Does your sister live in Stockholm?"
______________________________
18) "Do I talk too much?"
______________________________
19) "Does Jennifer want a new job?"
______________________________
20) "Does it rain a lot in London?"
______________________________
3) . . She asked me .
|
|
|
1) "Where is the post office?"
______________________________
2) "Why is Julie sad?"
______________________________
3) "What's for dinner?"
______________________________
4) "Who is the woman in the red dress?"
______________________________
5) "How is your grandmother?"
______________________________
6) "When is the party?"
______________________________
7) "How much is the rent on your flat?"
______________________________
8) "Where are the glasses?"
______________________________
9) "How is the weather in Chicago?"
______________________________
10) "Who is the Prime Minister of Canada?"
______________________________
11) "Where do you usually go swimming?"
______________________________
12) "What does Luke do at the weekend?"
______________________________
13) "Where do your parents live?"
______________________________
14) "Who do you go running with?"
______________________________
15) "When does Lucy get up?"
______________________________
16) "How much TV do you watch?"
______________________________
17) "How many books do they own?"
______________________________
18) "Where does John work?"
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19) "What do the children study on Fridays?"
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20) "Why do you study English?"
______________________________
4) . She asked me .
1) "Where is he?"
______________________________
2) "What are you doing?"
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3) "Why did you go out last night?"
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4) "Who was that beautiful woman?"
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5) "How is your mother?"
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6) "What are you going to do at the weekend?"
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7) "Where will you live after graduation?"
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8) "What were you doing when I saw you?"
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9) "How was the journey?"
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10) "How often do you go to the cinema?"
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11) "Do you live in London?"
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12) "Did he arrive on time?"
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13) "Have you been to Paris?"
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14) "Can you help me?"
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15) "Are you working tonight?"
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16) "Will you come later?"
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17) "Do you like coffee?"
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18) "Is this the road to the station?"
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19) "Did you do your homework?"
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20) "Have you studied reported speech before?"
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