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, , . N . 1/ N - . :

p = 1/ N

. , , , :

i = log2(1/ p) = log2 N () (2)

, (i) (N) 2 i = N.

(i) , (K), :

I = K i (3)

(1), , .

(2) , N = 2 ( ) 1 .

1 .

.

1 256.

256 = 28, :

2 i = 256 = 28

: i = 8 = 1

, , 256 . , 1 1 .

 

1. , , :

1101001100011100110100110001110001010111?

: ( , ):

11010011 00011100 11010011 00011100 01010111.

, , , . , .

 

2. 16 . 25 . 64 . ?

: = 16

i = lg216 = 4 ()

= 25*64= 1600

I = *i = 1600 * 4 = 6400 = 800

: 800 .

 

3. 30 . 48 . 900 . ( ), ?

:

= 30*48 =1440

I = 900 = 7200

i = I/ = 5

N = 25 = 32

: 32 .

 

4. , . 16 , - 256 . , ?

:

1 = 2

N1 = 16, N2 = 256

i1 = lg216 = 4 ()

i2 = lg2256 = 8()

I1=1* i1, I2=2* i2

I2/I1= (2*i2) / (1* i1) = (2*8) / (2*4) =8/4 = 2

: 2 .

5. Unicode . :

.

1)37 2) 592 3) 37 4) 592

:

40 . , 40 ´ 2 =80 . , : 80 ´ 8 = 640 . 592 . , 640 592 48/16 = 3 .

: 2.

: , 37 ( ), 592 = 74 , 37 , .

6. . 0 100%, . 80 . .

1) 80 2) 70 3) 80 4) 560

:

1

I = M log2N, N () , , ( ), I , .

0 100. 101. I=log2101. . , . , 101 , 101, 128 = 27. 7=log2128 = 7 . , 80 , 80 ´ 7=560 =70 .

: 2.

2

. , 26< 101 < 27, () 7. , 80 ´ 7 = 560 = 70 .

: 2.

7. . 11 . 12 , : , ( !).

, .

, 60 .

1) 540 2) 600 3) 660 4) 720

:

1) , 10 (0..9) + 12 + 12 , 10 + 12 + 12 = 34

2) 34 6 (5 , 25 = 32 )

3) 11 11 × 6 = 66

4) , (, ) , 8: 72 = 9 × 8; 9

5) 60 9 × 60 = 540

: 1.





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