, q, , . , . i- . :
a b - i- ,
p - i . -1 ( ), i-1 i- pi 0 .
a b . a b . r =a - b + p . :
1. r <0. p =-1, .. . r + q. r q.
2. r 0. r ri. p = 0.
r i- . .
11. c .
x y. : x y, . :
1. x y .
2. kx ky .
3. : x y = x + (-y).
4. (-y). h :
h >= max(kx +1, ky+1).
5. x (y), . , h. . . , . .
6. . 5 . .
6.1. , . 1 .
6.2. , - . 7 .