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1.1. <- 4
1.2. 4
1.3. 5
2. R 6
2.1. 6
2.2. 7
2.3. 10
2.4. 11
2.5. 13
2.6. () 14
2.7. 17
3. R 22
3.1. 22
3.2. 23
3.3. 25
3.4. 26
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1.1. <-
R - : , , , , , .., , . . , n:
> n
[1] 10
1 , n, 10.
" <- ". , , , :
> n <- 15
> n
[1] 15
> 5 -> n
> n
[1] 5
, :
> n <- 10+2
> n
[1] 12
, , , :
> (10+2) *5
[1] 60
ls() , , .
> name <- ""; n1 <- 10; n2 <- 100; m <- 0.5
> ls()
[1] "m" "n1" "n2" "name"
, "; " ( ).
, , , . pattern ( : pat):
> ls(pat = "m.")
[1] "m" "name"
, , :
> ls(pat = " ^ m.")
[1] "m"
, ls.str():
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> ls.str()
n1: num 10
n2: num 100
name: chr "name"
, ls.str() , , , .
> . <-data.frame (n1, n2, m)
> ls.str(pat = "M.")
M: data.frame: 1 . 3 :
$ n1: 10
$ n2: 100
$ .: 0.5
ls.str() max.level
> ls.str(pat = "M.", max.level =-1)
M: data.frame: 1 . 3 :
, rm(): rm(x) x, rm(x, y) - x y, rm(list=ls()) . ls() , :
>rm (list=ls(pat = "m"))
R , .
html , :
> help.start()
html. apropos (""), "" :
> apropos("anova")
[1] "anova" "anova.glm" "anova.glm.null" "anova.glmlist"
[5] "anova.lm" "anova.lm.null" "anova.mlm" "anovalist.lm"
[9] "print.anova" "print.anova.glm" "print.anova.lm" "stat.anova"
, :
>?lm
lm(). help(lm) help("lm") . , c :
>? *
:
> help ("*")
package:base R
.
R
R , : . ; : num(), char(), complex() logical(). - .
R :
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R , . , x X :
> x <-1; X <-10
> ls ()
[1] "X" "x"
> X
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[1] 10
> x
[1] 1
