1, 2 5- ; 3, 4 - 6- .
:
1 1.1-1.3. 2 2.1-2.3.
3 3.1-3.2. 4 4.1-4.3.
( , ..) .
(,,,,,). , .
- . .
. . !
11-01-105
028
028105
.
0 2 8 1 0 5
, , , (0), - , (2), - , (8) ..
. . . . .
3
3.1. . . L.
: 1) () , ; 2) ; 3) , , h / b = 2. ; 4) , R / r = D / d = a ; 5) 3) 4) . .3.1, 3.1, [s] = 16 /2.
3.2. F .
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|
: 1) , , F; 2) [ F ], [s] = 12 /2, [s] = 3 /2. .3.2, 3.1.
3.1.
F () | L () | q (/) | b () | a | ||
I | 1,0 | 1,1 | 2,0 | 0,10 | 1,22 | |
II | 2,5 | 1,2 | 1,9 | 0,12 | 1,24 | |
III | 3,0 | 1,3 | 1,8 | 0,14 | 1,26 | |
IV | 3,5 | 1,4 | 1,7 | 0,16 | 1,28 | |
V | 4,0 | 1,5 | 1,6 | 0,18 | 1,30 | |
VI | 4,5 | 1,6 | 1,5 | 0,20 | 1,32 | |
VII | 5,0 | 1,7 | 1,4 | 0,22 | 1,34 | |
VIII | 5,5 | 1,8 | 1,3 | 0,24 | 1,36 | |
IX | 6,0 | 1,9 | 1,2 | 0,26 | 1,38 | |
X | 6,5 | 2,0 | 1,1 | 0,28 | 1,40 | |
I | II |
III | IV |
V | VI |
VII | VIII |
IX | X |
.3.1
I | II |
III | IV |
V | VI |
VII | VIII |
IX | X |
.3.2
4
4.1. , , L F (.4.1) : 1) . j; 2) b ; 3) b . [s] = 160 = 16 /2.
4.2. Q. , I-I , ( ) . .4.2. = 2×104 /2.
4.3. F h.
:
1. , .
2. 1 2.
4.3.
4.1
F [] | L [] | |||||||
I | 4.0 |
| ||||||
II | 4.1 | |||||||
III | 4.2 | |||||||
IV | 4.3 | |||||||
V | 4.4 | |||||||
I | 4.5 | |||||||
II | 4.6 | |||||||
III | 4.7 | |||||||
IV | 4.8 | |||||||
V | 4.9 | |||||||
4.2
[c2] | [] | b [] | c [] | H [] | Q [] | ||
I | 0.70 | 0.8 | 0.90 | 0.20 | 0.50 | ||
II | 0.75 | 0.9 | 0.95 | 0.25 | 0.55 | ||
III | 0.80 | 1.0 | 1.00 | 0.30 | 0.60 | ||
IV | 0.85 | 1.1 | 1.05 | 0.35 | 0.65 | ||
V | 0.90 | 1.2 | 1.10 | 0.40 | 0.70 | ||
VI | 0.95 | 1.3 | 1.15 | 0.45 | 0.75 | ||
VII | 1.00 | 1.4 | 1.20 | 0.50 | 0.80 | ||
VIII | 1.05 | 1.5 | 1.25 | 0.55 | 0.85 | ||
IX | 1.10 | 1.6 | 1.30 | 0.60 | 0.90 | ||
X | 1.15 | 1.7 | 1.35 | 0.65 | 0.95 | ||
|
|
|
4.3
l [] | a | b | F [] | h [] | |||
I | 1.8 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 7.5 | 0.01 | ||
II | 20a | 1.9 | 0.70 | 0.30 | 7.0 | 0.02 | |
III | 2.0 | 0.65 | 0.35 | 6.5 | 0.03 | ||
IV | 24a | 2.1 | 0.60 | 0.40 | 6.0 | 0.04 | |
V | 2.2 | 0.55 | 0.45 | 5.5 | 0.05 | ||
I | 27a | 2.3 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 5.0 | 0.06 | |
II | 2.4 | 0.45 | 0.55 | 4.5 | 0.07 | ||
III | 30a | 2.5 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 4.0 | 0.08 | |
IV | 2.6 | 0.35 | 0.65 | 3.5 | 0.09 | ||
V | 2.7 | 0.30 | 0.70 | 3.0 | 0.10 | ||
3
3.1
(.1). . L.
:
1) () , .
2) .
3) , , h / b = 2. .
4) , R / r = D / d = a .
5) 3) 4) . .1.
: F = 1 , q = 2 /, L = 2 , [ s ] = 16 /2.
.1 .2
: , , . XiYiZi, Zi . . (.1). Zi (.2). , , . ( 2.2). si i .
. .
1.
() 0 £ s1 £ L = 2
s 1 = 0 s 1 = L = 2
(D)0 £ s2 £ L = 2
|
s 2 = 0 s 2 = L = 2
|
|
()0 £ s3 £ L = 2
s 3 = 0 s 3 = L = 2
(.3).
(Q x, Q y) (M x, M y) . , . Nz Mz (, XOZ) .
Qx []
Q [] Mx [×]
My [×] Mz [×]
.3
2.
D | ||
Qx = -1 Qy = 5 Mx = -14 × My = - 4 × Mz = 2 × | Qx = -1 Qy = 4 Mx = -4 × My = - 2 × | Qy = 1 Mx = -2 × |
, . :
Mx = -14 ×, My = - 4 ×, Mz = 2 ×
, .
Mx = -4 ×, My = - 2 ×
D , .
Mx = -2 ×
: Mx, My, Nz ¹0, , Mx, My, Mz, Nz ¹0, .
3. . . :
Mx = -4 ×, My = - 2 ×
| Mx | > | My |, .
: | Mx | < | My |, - . .
)
|
.4