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. () (∆S>0),




() ()+ ()

() (∆S >0), , (∆H <0), .. .

, .

- . , :

G = HTS, (3.14)

∆G=∆HT∆S. (3.15)

(T∆S) , .. () , . () , .

. DG , ( max), :

∆G =− max.

- .

, , .. ∆G <0.

∆G .

∆G <0 .

∆G> 0 .

∆G= 0 .

∆G = ∆HT∆S :

1) ∆H <0 ∆S >0, ∆G <0, .. ;

2) ∆H> 0 ∆S <0, ∆G >0, .. ;

3) (∆H <0, ∆S <0 ∆H >0, ∆S >0) ∆G ∆H T∆S. ∆H ∆S , . () , . , .

∆H <0, ∆S <0; ∆G < 0 , .. . , , T∆S , ∆H T∆S. , , ∆H.

∆H >0, ∆S >0, T∆S , ∆H ∆S. ∆G <0 , .. ;

4) G =0 , (, , ).

. , :

G A=(G oA+ RT ln p A) n A, (3.16)

G A (p ¹1 ); G oA ( =1 =298 ); n A.

DG298 − 1 , ( =101,3 =298 ).

∆G 298 , − /.

, , . , ∆G 298,2() = 0 /.

. ( =101,3 =298 )

∆G 298, = ∆H 298, T∆S 298, , (3.17)

∆H 298,, ∆S 298,

, /; − , 298 .

, , . (∆G 298, ) , :

∆G 298, = ∆G 298, G 298, . (3.18)

∆G , , ( 298 ), , (∆H ) (∆S ) :

∆G = ∆H T∆ S. (3.19)





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