The protective layer of the Earth, the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from the sun's destructive UV (ultraviolet) rays, is being damaged by CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons). They are released by the daily use of industrial and household products: refrigerators, air conditioners, cleaning chemicals, food packaging. The «ozone hole» allows more UV rays to penetrate to the Earth. It increases the risk of skin cancer, weakens the immune system of people. Besides, UV rays influence the oceans, the growth of plankton, an essential part of the marine-life food chain in the negative way; reduce economically important crops (rice, cotton, soy beans).
Deforestation could cause one forth of all species on earth to vanish in the next 25 years. These forests in Amazonia, South-East Asia and West and Central Africa are being destroyed at an alarming rate of 42 million acres per year.
The protection of natural resources and wildlife is becoming a political program in every country.
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) concentrates its activities on these issues.
The 5th of June is proclaimed the World Environmental Day by the UNO and is celebrated every year.
We are obliged to remove factories and plants from cities, use modern technologies, protect and increase the greenery and broaden ecological education. These are the main practical measures, which must be taken in order to improve the ecological situation. Some progress has been already made in this direction.
Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст письменно.
Задание 2. Найдите эквиваленты для данных слов.
| 1. increase 2. greenery 3. layer 4. refrigerator 5. improve 6. immune system 7. skin cancer 8. chemicals 9. direction 10. wildlife | a. улучшить b. холодильник c. направление d. рак кожи e. дикая природа f. увеличивать g. растительность h. иммунная система i. слой j. химикаты |
Задание 3. Заполните пропуски подходящими словами.
| earth, protection, remove, layer, progress |
1) The … of natural resources and wildlife is becoming a political program in every country.
2) Deforestation could cause one forth of all species on … to vanish.
3) The protective … of the Earth protects the Earth from the sun's destructive UV (ultraviolet) rays.
4) We are obliged to … factories and plants from cities.
5) Some … has been already made in this direction.
Задание 4. Заполните пропуски словами из второй колонки, преобразовав их лексически и грамматически.
| ПРИМЕР: United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) concentrates its activities on ecological issues. | ecology |
| 1) The 5th of June is … the World Environmental Day by the UNO and is celebrated every year. | proclamation |
| 2) The «ozone hole» allows more UV rays to... to the Earth. | penetration |
| 3) UV rays … the oceans. | influential |
| 4) Some progress has been already made in this …. | direct |
| 5) The plankton is an … part of the marine-life food chain. | essence |
Задание 5. Составьте к тексту пять вопросов разных типов.
Раздел 2. Грамматика
Задание 1. Перепишите предложения, раскрывая скобки, ставя глаголы в нужную временную форму Past Simple или Past Continuous.
1) I (to cook) when they came home.
2) Yesterday my father (to buy) a car.
3) Last month I (to meet) a new friend.
4) What... you (to do) at 6 pm on Monday?
5) The guests (to come) to see me.
Задание 2. Вставьте необходимые предлоги.
1) Chlorofluorocarbons are released … the daily use of industrial and household products.
2) Deforestation could cause one forth of all species on earth to vanish … the next 25 years.
3) United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) concentrates its activities … these issues.
4) We are obliged to remove factories and plants … cities.
5) These are the main practical measures, which must he taken … order to improve the ecological situation.
Задание 3. Выпишите из текста 10 прилагательных и дайте формы их сравнительной и превосходной степеней.
Пример: serious – more serious – the most serious
good – better – the best
Раздел 3. Устная речь
Задание 1. Ответьте на вопросы (на английском языке).
1) What is deforestation?
2) What is the harm of the UV (ultraviolet) rays?
3) How do the UV rays influence the nature?
4) When is the World Environmental Day?
5) What causes the damage of the ozone layer?
Задание 2. Подготовьте сообщение на тему “How to prevent environmental problems?” (15-20 предложений).
