Today our planet is in serious danger. Modern industry damages the Earth. There are many environmental problems: acid rain; water shortage; destruction of the ozone layer of the Earth; damage of water and soils; damage to wildlife: numerous species of animals and plants can disappear. At last, the most serious danger arising from damaging the environment is the result of the abovementioned consequences. These are the consequences of the development of civilization.
Air pollution affects our body. The pollutants that harm our respiratory system are known as particulates1.
Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.
Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one day we won't have enough oxygen to breathe, we won't see a beautiful green forest at all.
The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in our seas.
Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out forever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.
And even greater threats are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.
1 твёрдые частицы в отработавших, выхлопных газах
Раздел 1. Чтение
Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст письменно.
Задание 2. Найдите эквиваленты для данных слов.
| 1. danger 2. industry 3. acid rain 4. consequence 5. pollution 6. harmful 7. poison 8. layer 9. nuclear 10. ozone | a. промышленность b. загрязнение c. вредоносный d. опасность e. последствие f. кислотный дождь g. ядерный h. озон i. яд j. слой |
Задание 3. Заполните пропуски подходящими словами.
| problems, pollution, kind, industry, disappearing |
1. Air … affects our body.
2. Modern …. damages the Earth.
3. Every ten minutes one … of animal, plant or insect dies out forever.
4. There are many environmental ….
5. Our forests are … because they are cut down or burnt.
Задание 4. Заполните пропуски словами из второй колонки, преобразовав их лексически и грамматически.
| ПРИМЕР: Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. | harm |
| 1) These … have disastrous consequences for our planet. | emit |
| 2) And even greater … are nuclear power stations. | threatening |
| 3) Air … affects our body. | pollute |
| 4) These are the consequences of the … of civilization. | develop |
| 5) Modern … damages the Earth. | industrial |
Задание 5. Составьте к тексту пять вопросов разных типов.
Раздел 2. Грамматика
Задание 1. Перепишите предложения, раскрывая скобки, ставя глаголы в нужную временную форму Past Simple или Past Continuous.
1. The steam engine … (to appear) in 1763.
2. I (not to go) out last night because it (to rain).
3. Mendeleev … (to create) his Periodic Table in 1871.
4. They (to come) in when I (to have dinner) with my friend.
5. Ecological problems … (to appear) in the XX century.
Задание 2. Вставьте необходимые предлоги.
1. Modern industry damages... the Earth.
2. The seas are … danger.
3. If nothing is done … it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.
4. We all know how tragic the consequences … the Chernobyl disaster are.
5. The seas are filled … poison.
Задание 3. Выпишите из текста 10 прилагательных и дайте формы их сравнительной и превосходной степеней.
Пример: serious – more serious – the most serious
good – better – the best
Раздел 3. Устная речь
Задание 1. Ответьте на вопросы (на английском языке).
1) What are the environmental problems?
2) What is the cause of the environmental problems?
3) Why are the seas in danger?
4) Why are the forests in danger?
5) What do factories emissions cause?
Задание 2. Подготовьте сообщение на тему “How can we save our planet?” (15-20 предложений).
ВАРИАНТ 2
Текст
