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() - - , - .
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, , .
, , , .
(-) ( ) , . ., , . , .
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1 3-5 /2 . . .
, - / - - . .
. . , .. / - - .
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,
- σz, σy, σx, τzy, τzx, τxy , , - z, y, x R β.
σR = A*cosβ/R2
, 0
dF
dF=2π(R*sinβ)(R dβ)
σR dF
-
cosβ = cos(R^z) = z/R
cosβ = cos(R^y) = y/R
cosβ = cos(R^x) = x/R
. M - 2- - z r.