. , 2- 3- . , , "" "" , , 20 /. , .
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, , , () (, ).
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1) C1 C11 , , . , (, , ) .
n C + (n+1) H2 400,p CnH2n+2
n CO + (2n+1) H2 200,Ni CnH2n+2+ n H2O
2) (, , ).
RCH=CHR' + H2 kat RCH2CH2R'
() + H2 Pd CH3 CH2 CH3()
3) , .
2CH3CH2Br( ) + 2Na CH3CH2CH2CH3() + 2NaBr
4) . .
CH3COONa + NaOH t CH4 + Na2CO3
5) .
Al4C3 + 12H2O 3CH4 + 4Al(OH)3
, C5C17 , C18 . . , , (, ) .
.
|
|
.
t., | t., | d420 * | ||
CH4 | -182,5 | -161,5 | 0,415 ( -164) | |
C2H6 | -182,8 | -88,6 | 0,561 ( -100) | |
C3H8 | -187,6 | -42,1 | 0,583 ( -44,5) | |
C4H10 | -138,3 | -0,5 | 0,500 ( 0) | |
CH3CH(CH3)CH3 | -159,4 | -11,7 | 0,563 | |
C5H12 | -129,7 | 36,07 | 0,626 | |
(CH3)2CHCH2CH3 | -159,9 | 27,9 | 0,620 | |
CH3C(CH3)3 | -16,6 | 9,5 | 0,613 |
* d420 . , .. 20 4.
, , . . CC CH , , .
.
1) . . .
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