si xi. , si xi. X, { x1, } {1,...,}. ( ) X () , , . X ,
.
X [( [])2} (X [])2. D[X] 2,
.
[] . . .
, ( , ) . , , . , X . , , , pi , X (a,b ) , , X, . , X, , , . . () , , . , . , , , . , X [, b), (b) ().
X X , () = dP(x)/dx, . , (, + dx) dx, p(x)dx + o(dx). , , [] D[X] :
, ()
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. . , , ( ) . . , , , .
X, N = {0,1,2,...},
(4.1)
; () , , .
. . , q. X , m . X
. (4.2)
(4.1) (4.2), n , q , , (n*q) . , .
, , .
, , , . . n , {x1,x2, ...,} X.
(4.3)
. (4.4)
X , , [] D[X]. *[] D*[] , (4.3) (4.4) . *[] , D*[X] . . (4.3) , (4.4) : , X D* [X], D,
(4.5)
, . (4.3) . , *[] . , (*[] , *[] + ) . , . , * [X] .
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, , . , t . X(t) . t M(t) = m(t) D(t) = d(t). (: , . .). X(t) 0 t , . , P(t) , dt,
P(dt) = dt + o(dt),
. , .
Pm(t) , (0, t ) ,
(4.6)
(4.6) (4.1), , , .