( ) .
8 (1 ). ( ). , , . 16, 32 ..
. 256 ( 0 255). ASCII (American Standart Code of Information Interchange - ).
- , (4 ) 0 9 0000 1001. , , 18- 10 ( ), .
- . . , Integer
-32768 (-215) 32677 (215-1) 2 : LongInt - -231 231-1 4 : Word - 0 65535 (216-1) 2 ..
, , . () , , , - .
, , .
. : , , , . , 37(10) = 100101(2) Integer, 0000000000100101, LongInt, 00000000000000000000000000100101. . 0025(16) 00000025(16).
:
- ;
- ( , - );
- .
, -37, LongInt:
- 37 000000000000000000000000000100101
- 11111111111111111111111111011010
- 11111111111111111111111111011011 FFFFFFDB(16)
, , . , . :
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- 1;
- ;
- . .
. , :
- 0000000000010111.
, . 23.
- 1111111111000000.
, :
- 1111111111000000(2) - 1(2) = 1111111110111111(2);
- 0000000001000000;
- 1000000(2) = 64(10)
: -64
. .
M*10p, 1 ≤ M < 10, - . , 120100000 = 1,201*108. 10, 10 1 . 10 . : 120100000 = 1,201*108 = 0,1201*109 = 12,01*107... .
, - . , , , , 1(10) 2(10) (1 ≤ < 2). , ,- 2. , . , , .. , . , , . , .
IBM PC 8087 ( ):
Real | 2,9*10-39..1,7*1038 | 11-12 | |
Single | 1,5*10-45..3,4*1038 | 7-8 | |
Double | 5,0*10-324..1,7*10308 | 15-16 | |
Extended | 3,4*10-4932..1,1*104932 | 19-20 |
Double.
, 8 . , :
S |
, , , 51, .. 52 . . , , ( ). , . , .. , , . , . , Double 11 2-1023 21023, 1023(10) = 1111111111(2). , 63 .
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, :
- ;
- , .. *2p, - ( 1(2)) - , ;
- ;
- (0 - ; 1 - ), .
. -312,3125.
- 100111000,0101.
- 100111000,0101 = 1,001110000101*28.
- 8 + 1023 = 1031. 1031(10) = 10000000111(2).
6. , : C073850000000000(16).
7. .
8. 3FEC600000000000(16)
9.
- , , , 63 , . 01111111110(2) = 1022(10). 1022 - 1023 = -1.
- 1,1100011*2-1 0,11100011.
- 0,88671875.
, .
.