(, -)
1957 , . - (DARPA) . -, , -. ARPANET (. Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), 1969 . . ARPANET , .
ARPANET 2 1969 (-). Honeywell DP-516 24 [8].
29 1969 21:00 ARPANET, 640 - (UCLA) (SRI) . (Charley Kline) - . (Bill Duvall) .
LOG, . LOG LOGON ( ). 22:30 . .[9]
1971 . .
1973 , .
1970- , , . , . 1970- , 19821983 . . 1 1983 ARPANET NCP TCP/IP, (, , ) . 1983 ARPANET.
1984 (. Domain Name System, DNS).
1984 ARPANET : (NSF) NSFNet(. National Science Foundation Network), ( Usenet Bitnet) ́ , ARPANET. 10 . , NSFNet.
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1988 Internet Relay Chat (IRC), ().
1989 , () . Ÿ -, HTTP, HTML URI.
- World Wide Web , , :
1990 ARPANET , NSFNet. (. . "́", . dialup access).
1991 , 1993 - NCSA Mosaic. .
1995 NSFNet , , .
1995 , FTP. (W3C). , . 1996 .
1990- ( , , ). , , . 1997 10 , 1 . .
, -, , , , - . .
(. R outing I nformation P rotocol) . , ( ), . RIP - , ( "") . , RIP 15 ( 16 ). RIP- 30 , . RIP TCP/IP, UDP 520.
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RIP , , EIGRP, OSPF. 15 . .
, -.
IP- (-, . Internet Protocol Address) , IP. ; . IPv4 IP- 4 .
(. Usenet . User Network) , . Usenet , . , . Usenet -, , , , , , , ,, , FAQ .
́ ́ (. World Wide Web) , , , . web-. . , , web-. web-, , , web-, web-. web- . . , , , , . (. web) WWW.
FTP (. File Transfer Protocol ) , TCP- (, ). FTP .
́ ́ (. email, e-mail, . electronic mail) ( ) ( ) .
() , (, , , , , ), , , .
:
(. Intranet, ) , . , , IP . , . - . HTTP HTTPS -́, - . , , . Intranet , Internet, (VPN), .
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Intranet Internet- Web-: HTML, HTTP ́ CGI. Intranet Web-́ .
(. extranet) , - , .
, . ( ) , , , , .
, , , . , : , FTP ..