, ,
2.1. , , | |
- - , . | |
, | |
; , () . | |||
, | |||
, | |||
() () | |||
, | ||
, | ||
q1,q2...,qn n , 1,2...,n , , i = 1,...n. | ||
( ) , | ||
: , ( ), (, | ||
), , | ||
, | |
Q = f (F1,F2...,Fn), | ||
Q ; F1,F2,...,Fn - . | ||
, | |
: . |
Homo economicus | () , , |
, (-). | |
, , | |
(). | |
. - 8 3 ( . | |
1000 . 2500 . | |
: , . 200 . , 300, 500. | |
? | |
, () , () : MB ≥ MC, (marginal benefit) , (marginal cost) . |
|
|
. | |
(. ) | ||
5,0 | ||
4,8 | ||
4,5 | ||
3,9 | ||
3,0 | ||
1,8 | ||
(. . 21).
(economic agents) , , , .
(), .
, , | |
, : , | |
, . | |
(circular flow) - , .
, | |
(. . 23). | |
, (. . 24).
|
|
2.3. :
(economic system) , , ; , , , .
c , | |
, ; | |
, , , | |
. (18561915) , (18631947) - , (18801949) . |
, | |
: , , | |||
, - | |||
1) ; 2) ; | |
3) ; | |
4) ; 5) . | |
. | |
()
. 2-7.