-
- . . , .
- 2
, | 16 4 | |||
1 2 | 16 4 | |||
1 | 105.5 | |||
2 | 118 | 7557.6 | 1 | 14 |
3 | 117 | 7468 | 2 | 30 |
. 2 I .
:
1 6752 .
: - 78.5 (/2) 16 () 4 () = 5024
- 18 () 24 (/..) 4 () = 1728
2 7557.6 .
: - 94.2 (/2) 16 () 4 () = 6028,8
- 14 () 27.3 (/..) 4 () = 1528.8
1 7468 .
: - 78.5(/2) 16 () 4 () = 5024
- 25 () 18.4 (/..) 3,2 () = 1472
- 5 () 48.6 (/..) 4 () = 972
2.
2.1. .
. . 5 .
qn, q, , (. 3)
2 %:
- , /:
qn = k×(m×g + un)×B = 1,02×(105,5×9,81 + 23×103)×4 = 98 /;
- , /:
q = k (m× g × gf + un × gf) × B = 1,02×(105,5×9,81×1,05 + 23×103×1,2)×4 =117 /.
m 1 2 (. . 2).
. 3.
2.2.
: , , . . h, , hmin, . hmax, h. h hmax, (. 5, ).
|
|
(. 4):
- :
- :
. 4.
.
.
Ry = 240 - .. 245 . 20 (. . 51* [3]),
g = 1 (. . 6* [3]) -
( ) :
.
lw = 145 (. . 3).
. 5. :
; ;
- f = L/400 = 1600/400 = 4,0 =0,04
- (. 5, ):
hmax = h - h.. - t - f = 1,8 0,22 0,01 0,04 = 1,54 ;
- (. 5, ):
hmax = h - t - f = 1,8 - 0,010 0,04 = 1,75
hmax = 1,54 ( 5.)
h = 1,54 , hmin = 1,3 , hmax = 1,54 h = 1,5 .
2.3.
. .
, ,
2 , tw = (1/2001/250)×hw .
(. . 1, . 4). : 8 1 12 ; 2 12 .
tw :
)
hw = h - 2×tf = 1,54 - 2×0,02 =1,50 ,
tf 10 40 ;
Rs = 0,58 × Ry = 0,58 × 240 = 139.2 ;
Ry = 240 245 (. 51* [3]):
) :
;
tw = 10 , lw = 145 (hw / tw = 1,5 /0,010 = 150).
2.4.
( , ) ( , ). , , (If, = I Iw), I .
:
h = hw + 2×tf = 1,50 + 2×0,02 = 1,54 = 154 ;
:
|
|
, ,
h0 = h tf = 1,54 0,02 = 1,52 = 152
82-70* (. , . 3) 400 ´ 20
Af = 40 2 = 80 2.
:
1. tf = 20 < 3×tw = 3×10 = 30 ;
2.
3. bf = 400 > bf.min = 200 . ( )
, .
. 6.
1. : h = hw + 2× tf = 1,50 + 2×0,02 = 1,54 = 154
2. : A = hw× tw + 2×bf × tf = 150×1,0 + 2×40×2 = 310 2
3. :
4. :
5. :
6. :
(. 6):
:
:
2.5.
max ( ), . , .
. 5.19* [3] 1/6 :
= L/6 = 16/6 = 2.7 .
2.7 (. 7):
. 7.
, . ( ) Rwy = 0,85Ry. = 0,85×240 = 204 .
:
:
If1. = Ix1 - Iw = 792 638 281 250 = 511 388 4.
:
:
220 ´20 . 82-70*
:
1. b1f = 220 > bf.min = 200 ;
2. b1f = 220 > bf / 2 = 400 / 2 = 200 ;
3. bf1 = 220 > h / 10 = 1500/ 10 = 150 .
1. :
2. :
3. :
4. :
5. :
:
( , . 7) . 5.14* [3].
:
:
, , :
F = Qmax1 = 56 (. . 1.2);
lf = bf + 2× tf = 11,0 + 2×2 = 15 . , (. . 5.13 [3]);
bf = 11,5 I 22.
:
, .
2.6.
. . , . . , , . , . , , . , , , .
|
|
:
- " " -08 -60.
- kf = 6 . 38*[3].
- 245 . 56*[3]:
Rwf = 180 ;
Rwz = 0,45×Run = 0,45×370 = 166,5 ;
bf = 1,1; bz = 1,15 (Run = 370 , . 51*[3] . ).
:
:
- :
- :
,
2.7.
, .
lef bef, .
lef /bef =17.04 > a / bf = 1,0/0,4 = 2.5. , .
2.8.
( ) . , () . .
. , .
, .. .
[3, . 7.24].
bf = (bf - tw)/ 2 = (0,4 0,010) / 2 = 0,195 = 19.5 .
. 7.10 [3] ,
, . 8.
- 1 = 2.5 , 2hw = 2×1,5 = 3,0
- = 2,0 .
- bh = 100 ts = 8 :
M Q (. 8):
1:
2:
3:
4:
. 8.
|
|
-
1
:
- hw = 1500 , tw = 10 ;
- bf = 220 , tf = 20 ;
- Ry = 240 ;Rs = 139,2 ;
- (. . 8) M1 = 453 ×, Q1 = 877 ;
- Wx = 10278 3;
- F = Q = 56 ,
- lef = 15,0 ;
- g = 1 (. . 6* [3]);
- = 2,5 .
1. | 25. [sloc /s] = 0,49 .24 | |
$ | $ | |
2. a = 2,5 > hw = 1,5 -> | 26. [sloc /s] = 0,49 < sloc /s = 37 / 43= 0,94-> | |
$ | $ | |
3. d = hw = 1,5 | 28. 2=67.3; 29. | |
$ | $ | |
4. m = / hw = 2,5 / 1,5 = 1,7 | 29. | |
$ | $ | |
5. | 20. | |
$ | $ | |
6. | 21. 1 = 35.75 .23 | |
$ | $ | |
7. F = 0 -> | ||
$ | ||
8. | 22. | |
$ | $ | |
9. | 32. | |
$ | $ | |
10. . -> | 33. sloc = 0 -> | |
$ | $ | |
14. sloc ¹ 0 -> | 35. | |
$ | $ | |
17. -> | 36. -> | |
$ | $ | |
19. -> | 1 . |
2
:
- hw = 1500 , tw = 10 ;
- bf = 400 , tf = 20 ;
- Ry = 240 ;Rs = 139,2 ;
- (. . 8) M1 = 2560 ×, Q1 = 526 ;
- Wx = 15654 3;
- F = Q = 56 ,
- lef = 15,0 ;
- g = 1 (. . 6* [3]);
- = 2,0 .
1. | 25. [sloc /s] = 0,34 .24 | |
$ | $ | |
2. a = 2,0 > hw = 1,5 -> | 26. [sloc /s] = 034 < sloc /s = 37 / 159= 0,23-> | |
$ | $ | |
9. d = hw = 1,5 | 27. = 0,5 = 1,0 ; | |
$ | $ | |
10. m = / hw = 2,0 / 1,5 = 1,3 | 20. | |
$ | $ | |
11. | 21. 1 = 28,9 .23 | |
$ | $ | |
12. | 22. | |
$ | $ | |
13. F = 0 -> | 23. cr = 32.7 .21 | |
$ | $ | |
14. | 24. | |
$ | $ | |
9. | 32. | |
$ | $ | |
10. . -> | 33. sloc = 0 -> | |
$ | $ | |
15. sloc ¹ 0 -> | 35. | |
$ | $ | |
17. -> | 36. -> | |
$ | $ | |
19. -> | 2 . |
3
:
- hw = 1500 , tw = 10 ;
- bf = 400 , tf = 20 ;
- Ry = 240 ;Rs = 139,2 ;
- (. . 8) M1 = 3378 ×, Q1 = 292;
- Wx = 15654 3;
- F = Q = 56 ,
- lef = 15,0 ;
- g = 1 (. . 6* [3]);
- = 2,0 .
1. | 25. [sloc /s] = 0,34 .24 | |
$ | $ | |
2. a = 2,0 > hw = 1,5 -> | 26. [sloc /s] = 034 < sloc /s = 37 / 210 = 0,18-> | |
$ | $ | |
15. d = hw = 1,5 | 27. = 0,5 = 1,0 ; | |
$ | $ | |
16. m = / hw = 2,0 / 1,5 = 1,3 | 20. | |
$ | $ | |
17. | 21. 1 = 28,9 .23 | |
$ | $ | |
18. | 22. | |
$ | $ | |
19. F = 0 -> | 23. cr = 32.7 .21 | |
$ | $ | |
20. | 24. | |
$ | $ | |
9. | 32. | |
$ | $ | |
10. . -> | 33. sloc = 0 -> | |
$ | $ | |
16. sloc ¹ 0 -> | 35. | |
$ | $ | |
17. -> | 36. -> | |
$ | $ | |
19. -> | 3 . |
2.9.
|
|
- V = Qmax = 936 ;
- Rp = 355 (. 52* [3]).
- bp = = 220 .
(. . 9).
. 9.
:
220 12
:
-
1 (. . 9), ( ),
, .
. 72 [3] lx1 = 31 Ry = 240 j = 0,931
:
(. 29*[3]):
.
( -08, d = 1,42 ).
245: Rwf = 180 (. . 56 [3]);
Rwz= =
Run = 370 (. . 51 ٭ [3]).
bf = 0,9 = 1,05 (. . 34 [3]); gwf = 1.
- :
- :
- . 38* [3] kf min = 5.
- lw £ 85 × bf × kf:
kf = 7 .
2.10.
( ) . . bf, bf /2 20...40 . , . tw.
40 , 38, 303, 302 16 48 . 40 14-1-1237-75.
. 39 . 12.19* [3], : 2,5d, 8d 12t; : 1,3d, 4d 8t, d ; t . 40 .
( = 8).
M Q : 1 = 37440 × ; Q1 = 0 (. . 2.8).
. 10.
. .
- 400 ´ 14
- 180 ´ 14 .
- = (40 +2 × 18) × 1,4 =106.4 2 > Af =40 ×2,0 =80 2.
- , , tw = 10 .
20 40 , Rbun = 1100 (. 61); .
- ,
k = 2 ;
Rbh=0,7×Rbun= 0,7×1100=770 .. ;
gb = 1 (. . 11.13*[3] n > 10);
m = 0,42 , . 36*;
Abh = 2,45 2 , . 62*[3];
gh = 1,12 . ( ), . 36* [1] [3].
-
N = Ry × Af = 240×106×0,4×0,02 = 1 920 000 = 1920 .
- :
14 . 10.
d = 23 ( 3 ).
- :
An. = tf× (bf - n× d0) = 2 × (40 2 × 2,3) = 70.8 2 > 0,85×bf × tf = 0,85 × 40 × 2 = 68 2,
.
- :
. = 2×n× do×t = 1,4×(40 + 2 × 18) 2 × 4 × 2,3 × 1,4 = 80.64 2 > 0,85 × bf × tf = 0,85 × 40 × 2 = 68 2.
- , ,
Q = 0.
-
max = hw (12 18) = 150 12 = 138 = 1,38 .
- = 18, :
- , ,
m = 2 ;
Si2 = 1362 + 1202 + 1042 + 882 + 722 + 562 + 402 + 242 +82 = 62 016 2.
- V = 0, Q = 0.
-
.
3.
: , ; , , .
. () () . ( ), .
: , , , . , . .
, . . .
,
d = 2030 , , d = 2436 .
3.1.
245
- Ry = 240 (. 51*[3]),
- g = 1.
N = 2×Qmax × 1,01 = 2 × 936 × 1,01 = 1890 .
= 9
h3 = 60 ;
h = 154 ;
h. = 22 ;
t = 1,0 .