4
: - .
: , -..
: , -, .
. -, . . , . - 90 . , .
, , .
. , .
, , RC-.
. , . , 50.
2 .
. . .
. .
. , , .
, .. . 44 16 . .
22 (bias 1:2 duty 1:2).
2 COM (duty 1:2) 2 (bias 1:2) - V1 V3. : SEGn SEGn+1 . COM SEG . , . V1(=V2) .
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(1)(V3-V1) = - (V0-V1)
(2)V1 = V3/2
, . (COM) , (duty) , , . , , , (COM). , , , , . .
, . , -.
- . . HD44780 . -, Hitachi Semiconductor , .
80 , 2x14, 2x16, 2x20, 2x24, 2x40, 4x20 .
, . 7 -. .
6, . : (E,R/W,RS) 4- 8- . , 4- . .
:
(8- ) | (4- ) | ||||
Vss | - | - | (GND) | (GND) | |
Vcc | - | - | (+5) | (+5) | |
Vee | - | - | |||
RS | 0/1 | 0 1- | 0 1- | ||
R/W | 0/1 | 0 1 | 0 1 | ||
E | 1 > 0 | ||||
D0 | 0/1 | / | 0 () | ||
D1 | 0/1 | / | 1 | ||
D2 | 0/1 | / | 2 | ||
D3 | 0/1 | / | 3 | ||
D4 | 0/1 | / | 4 | 0() 4 | |
D5 | 0/1 | / | 5 | 1 5 | |
D6 | 0/1 | / | 6 | 2 6 | |
D7 | 0/1 | / | 7 () | 3 7() |
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4- . - (ASCII- ).
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DDRAM (Display Data RAM); CGRAM (Character Generator RAM); a ; d .
I/D: | 0- , 1- |
BF: | 0 , 1 ( ) |
D: | 0 , 1 |
R/L: | 0 , 1 |
B: | 0 , 1 - |
S: | 0 , 1 |
N: | 0 - 1/8 1/11 duty (1- ), 1 - 1/16 duty (2- ) |
DL: | 0 4- , 1 8- |
F: | 0 5x7 , 1 510 |
- .
, , , -.
, -. . .
, -, .
- CCFL, , ..
. : -, , , , , . ( ) ( ). 1,5 ( 4 ), 4 . . , , 2,0-10 . , 150 , 100-300 . , . .
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() . 50-400 60-180 , - . 0,1-0,6 1 , . , ( 2 5 ), ( -20ºC 60ºC), .
(CCFL) ( ). 250-340 ( 1 1,5 ) 30-40 , 1-15 . CCFL , . CCFL 15-50 .
1. AVR - .
2. .
3. .
4. 1.
1
ATmega8 | 33 | MT16S2H | |
ATmega16 | 43 | MT-08S2A | |
ATmega32 | 44 | MT-12232A | |
ATmega8 | 33 | MT-16S1A | |
ATmega16 | 43 | MT-16S2D | |
ATmega32 | 44 | MT-12864J | |
ATmega8 | 33 | MT-08S2A | |
ATmega16 | 43 | MT-12232A | |
ATmega32 | 44 | MT-16S1A | |
ATmega8 | 33 | MT16S2H |
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- .
1. -?
2. -?
3. HD44780?
4. -?