:
1 = 1.6022 .10-19 1 = 6.2414 .1018 .
, 1 ...
1 = 9.315 .108 = 931.5
1.4.3. , , , , , ( , ), - .
( ) Dm.
, A z
Dm = zmp + (A - z)mn - M (1.6)
1.4.4. , , . , , , . () :
= Dm .c2 = [zmp + (A - z).mn - M] 2. (1.7)
1.4.5. ,
e = E / A, (1.8)
. , .
e . .1.1., , e A , A = 50 ¸ 60 ..., A - .
e
/.
50 100 150 200 , ... 250
.1.1.
.
1.4.6. e(A) :
) , , 2D1 :
2D1 + 2D1 4He2
e = 1.11 /, , , ,
= 2 .1.11 + 2 .1.11 = 4.44 .
- - e = 7.07 /, ,
= 4 .7.07 = 28.28
D = 28.28 - 4.44 = 23.84 ,
.
) , , 235U:
235U 139La + 96Mo
( 235U).
|
|
e = 8.4 /, e = 8.5 /, ,
= 8.4 .139 + 8.5 .96 = 1983.6
e = 7.6 /, , = 7.6 .235 = 1786.0 .
DE = 1983.6 - 1786.0 = 197.6 ,
-235 .
1.4.7. ( ) A z. , (A-z)/z, e . (. .1.2), , , :
1.5
1.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 , ..
.1.2. - .
) ( 20 ...) - 1, ;
) - 1.58.
: - ( ) . , (, , ), - , . .
, , .
1.4.8. . :
- 167 - ( );
- 55 - - ( z A - z);
- 53 - - ( );
- 4 -, (21, 6Li3, 105 14N7).
- .
1.4.9. , , (..1.3.9) - :
E= aA - bA2/3 - gz2/A1/3 - e(A/2 -z)2/A + d, (1.4.5)
|
|
:
- aA - , ( ); a = 15.56 ;
- DE1 = bA2/3 - , , ( ); b = 17.23 ;
- DE2 = g z2/A1/3 - ; g = 0.71 ;
- DE3 = e(A/2 - z)2/A - - , - ; e = 93.46 ;
- d - - :
+ d - - ;
0 - A;
- d - - ;
:
d = kA-3/4, k = 34 .
1.4.10. - - . ( ) . , , .
, ( , ).
1.4.11. , "" -. .