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, (3)

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. ( ) ( , ) .

 
 


,

,

,

 

kn, aii ≠ 0, . aii .

( ) .

: 1. , . . k = n, . n, xn-1, , (xn-2,..., x1).

2. (3), , . , 11 1 ( , a11 ≠ 1).

. :

,

,

.

: :

~ ~ ~

 

x1 + x2 + x3 = 3,

x2 = 1,

x3 = 1.

, = 1, 2 = 1, 1 = 1.

 

.

 
 


,

,

.

 

, (r() = r()), () 1 = 2 =... = n = 0.

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4. , , , r , . . r < .

 

5. , , , Δ , . . Δ = 0.

 

, Δ = 0. Δ ≠ 0 , . Δ = 0, r , . . r < n. , , () .

 

.

x1 2x2 + 4x3 = 0,

2x1 3x2 + 5x3 = 0.

 

: , r(A) = 2 (), n = 3.

r < n, .

.

x1 2x2 = 4x3,

2x1 3x2 = 5x3.

 

, . ,

, .

x3 = 0, : x1 = 0, 2 =0, x3 = 0. 3 = 1, : x1 = 2, 2 = 3, x3 = 1 . .

 





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