.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


2.

12.

 

12.1..

12.2. .

12.3. .

12.4.

 

 

, , .

 

. . . .

 

.. 6 . 122-160

.., .. VII .95-133

.. , .. , .. . II I 1.1 - .330-336 1.2. 2.1. ε δ (. 148-155)

.. 8 II .33-59

., . ? VI, , 1 (.300-317), 2 (.317-330), 3 (.330-337); VIII 4 . 461-463

 

 

1. ? ?

2. () () ? ? ?

x 0. .

3.

4.

5.

6. ?

7. ?

8.

 

 

 

12.1.

 

e . e- x 0 x, (x 0 ‑ e, x 0 + e), x 0. x e

0 < ê x x 0ç < e.

(x 0 ‑ e, x 0 + e) \ { x 0} x 0 ( x 0 )

∞, : (ε>0)

x 0 = +∞ Ue ( +∞ )= (ε, +∞]

x 0 = - ∞ Ue ( - ∞ ) = [- ∞, ε)

: Ue (a) - e - , - .

y ε-, δ- (U δ (a))

 

.

y = x 2 x 0 = 2. 4.

.

- e e - y 0 = 4. , x 0 = 2 ( 1 d), x , y, x 2, e - y 0 = 4. , e. x 0 = 2 . .

. x 0 = 2. x 0 ¹ 2 :

.

2. x 0 = 2 3 , y 0 = 3 . e, , x, x 0 = 2 ( x 0 = 2, e), y e- y 0 = 3. , e.

 

 

12.2(1).

 

. A y = f (x) x 0 ( , x, x 0, → x 0) e d, x d - x 0 y e - y = A.

-. A y = f (x) x 0, e d, x,

0 < ê x x 0ê < d,

ê y A ê < e.

, A y = f (x) x = x 0, f(x) →A x → x 0

 

12.2.

.

, , x = x 0, , ( x 0 )

. , x > 0, y = 2 x; x < 0, y = 2 x; x = 0 .

3. , , , x = 0 .

 

(..4)

.4.

 

12.2(1).

 

,

ε > 0. ε δ > 0, xx 0, | x x 0| < δ, .. 0 < | 2| < δ |f(x) A|<ε, .. |(2 + 1) 5 | < ε.

 

|2( 2)| < ε, ..

| 2| < ε/2. , δ = ε/2 | 2| < δ |f() 5| < ε ( , , , ). , .

 

.

1. .

2. , C .

3. C ,

.

4. , , , , . , , .

12.2(2)

1.


2. ( . 12.4): , .

, .. =2. → 2, :

, ,

3. ( - )

 

 

4.. , , .. .

( , .. ) :

12.2(2)

B f (x) a ( ), e d, 0 < x a < d ê B f (x) ê < e.

. , x = 0 .

f (x) b ( ), e d , 0 < b x < d ê C f (x)ê < e.

, ( , 3) x = 0:

; .

12.2 ( ) .

 

, , , :

;

. f (x), (d; ¥). f (x) , :

,

e δ, , δ, :

½ f (x) A ½ < e.

f (x)
(¥; d). f (x) , :

,

e δ, , , δ, :

½ f (x) A ½ < e.

 

+∞ (.. f (x) →+x → x 0)

+∞ f (x) x → x 0, e d, x, 0 < ê x x 0ê < d,

f(x) > e.

= - ∞ (.. f (x) →-x → x 0)

+∞ f (x) x → x 0, e d, x, 0 < ê x x 0ê < d,

f(x) < - e.

.

1. . , .

2. . e , 2,72.

, :

 

12.2

1.

2.

12.2.

 

:

 

 

 

12.3.

 

 

 

:

 


 

, .

 

12.3.

1.

, ( 1- )

2.

,

 

 

12.3(2)

f , |f| →+∞. f→+∞, f , f→ - ∞, f . , f , , , f(x) = x (-1)[x], ,

|f| →+∞.

, f x 0 , 1/f - x 0.

 

 

, , - .

, , ( ), / , / , .

, f →+∞, g→- ∞, : , , . .

() .

: - ∞.

 

12.4.

1.∞-∞, x→a

=+∞

f(x)=x+10 →+∞

g(x)= -x → - ∞

f+g = 10 → 10

2..∞-∞, x→a

=+∞

f(x)=x+sin x→+∞

g(x)=-x → - ∞

f+g=sin x,

3.

=+∞

f(x) = 1/x →0

g(x) = x→+∞

fg = 1→1

a

f(x) = 20/x →0

g(x) = x→+∞

fg = 20→20



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