㳿 XX . , . . . , , , , , .. 60 . , , , , - , , .
. ˳ , , . ֳ , , , , . - - , Monsanto, Apotex, Cargill.
, . , 䳿 . , , , . -, , , . ' , , , . -, , , . , , , .
, 1961 䳺 ̳ , ̳ (The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants - UPOV). .
. ' , в . 䳺 , . {Convention on Biological Diversity - CBD) 1993 ̳ , (International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture - ITPGRFA) 2001 , . , , - , .
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Monsanto Canada Inc. vs. Shmeiser
(), . (1998 ), , , . , . , . . ³ , , , . س 400000 , ( 50 ) , . . . , , -, . .
2008 . . Right Livelyhood Award .