LESSON 2
Гласные и сочетания с ними в ударном слоге
Гласные буквы a, e, i, y, o, u под ударением могут иметь долгое (алфавитное) или краткое звучание. Это зависит от типа ударного слога:
I. открытый
II. закрытый
III. прикрытый буквой r
IV. слог, в котором за буквой r, прикрывающей ударную гласную, следует “немая” e или другая читаемая гласная.
| 
| 
| 
|
| a – [ei] name | a – [æ] man | ar – [a:] car | are – [εә] care, daring |
| e – [i: ] Pete | e – [e] pen | er – [ə:] perch | ere – [iә] here, hero |
| i – [ai] line | i – [i ] fit | ir – [ә:] fir | ire – [aiә] fire, firing |
| o – [ou] note | o – [o ] not | or – [o:] morning | ore – [o:] more, snoring |
| u – [ju:] use | u – [Λ] us | ur – [ə:] curve | ure – [juə:] cure, during |
| y – [ai ] kyte | y – [ i ] myth | yr – [ə:] Byrd | yre – [aiə ] tyre, tyrant |
Чтение гласной Aa
|
II
 |
Руководствуясь правилами чтения, прочтите следующие слова.
A – I age, stage, date, face, trace, table, navy, gate, change, same
A – II bag, bad, man, back, black, act, action, latter, capital, match
A – III arch, march, sharp, army, part, car, charge, yard, large, art
A – IV square, spare, fare, com΄pare, pre΄pare, care, Mary.
Чтение гласной Ee
 |
E – I we, he, she, eve, scene, ‘secret, com’plete, these, ’legal, mete
E – II men, ten, set, rent, enter, well, bed, petty, met, Ted, Ben
E – III her,`person, pre`fer, term, serve, herd, `mercy, con`fer
E – IV here, era, `period, `series, mere, sphere [f], inter`fere.
Чтение гласных Ii, Yy
 |
I – Y I my, bike, try, fine, nice, `size,, type, life, Nike, site
I – Y II fit, city, `finish, `symbol, thick, thin, dig, bill, myth, `middle
I – Y III first, sir, third, `thirty, girl, `circle, `dirty, `firmly, `birthday
I – Y IV fire, wire, en΄tire, de`sire, `tired, hire, dire, shire, tyre.
Чтение гласной Оо
 |
O – I so, no, note, open, stone, vote, bone, home, those, hope
O – II stop, shot, lot, drop, job, cross, long, strong, box, dog, fog
O – III north, former, sport, order, short, horse, `fortress, ac`cording
O – IV more, shore, story, be`fore, glory, store, fore, tore, ore.
Чтение гласной Uu
 |
U – I use, student, duke, unit, duty, music, tune, super, tube, mute
U – II uncle, just, judge, public, upper, struggle, gun, cut, Dutch
U – III oc`cur, hurt, `urgent, `purpose, turn, church, burn, `further, burst
U – IV cure, `curing, pure, `during, dure, plural, jury, en`dure.
Дайте транскрипцию и объясните правила чтения следующих слов.
Sit, lame, back, miss, sack, gave, tip, tide, tap, late, mad, made, nine, fill, cake, thick, bat, pin, pine, hate, act, ice, plot, face, hid, fate, stamp, spot, pile, land, mist, mole, mark, gold, cap, nose, fix, harm, merry, horn, start, form, home, park.
Правила чтения гласных диграфов и сочетаний
| ai, ay | = | [ei] | wait, rain, mail, bail, main, tray, pay, bay, play, day |
| air | = | [εә] | hair, air, airplane, chair, pair, fair, lair |
| al+l(k) | = | [o:] | fall, call, wall, small, ball, tall, talk, chalk, walk, balk |
| au,aw | = | [o:] | autumn, pause, ΄auto, law, saw, pawn, auk, Paul |
| a+ss | = | [a:] | class, glass, brass, pass, grass |
| a+st | = | [a:] | cast, fast, master, vast, past, last |
| a+sk | = | [a:] | cask, ask, mask, task, bask, basket-ball |
| a+sp, a+ft | = | [a:] | after, craft, grasp, draft |
| a+th | = | [a:] | father, rather, lather, path, bath. |
| w(h)+a | = | [o] | watch, wash, was, what, want. |
| ea | = | [i:] | cheap, peak, sea, leaf, dean, mean, meat, team, bean |
| ee | = | [i:] | feed, fee, speech, seek, need, feel, deep, meet, bee, keen |
| ea+d | = | [e] | ready, bread, head, dead, meadow, dreadful |
| ei+gh | = | [ei] | eight, weight, freight, weigh, ΄eigh΄teen, eighty |
| ew | = | [ju:] | few, pew, dew, mew, |
| l, r, j+ew | = | [u:] | flew, blew, grew |
| ey | = | [ei] | they, grey, obey, ΄diso΄bey, con΄vey |
| eer | = | [iə] | pio΄neer, ֽengi΄neer, veer, leer, deer, peer, beer. |
| ear | = | [iə] | dear, hear, appear. |
| ear+согл. | = | [ə:] | learn, earth, early. |
| ia, io | = | [aiə] | via, trial, dial, lion, liar, diary |
| i+ld, nd | = | [ai] | child, wild, mild, find, mind, bind, kind |
| i+gh | = | [ai] | high, sight, sigh, right, might, light, night |
| oa | = | [ou] | boat, coat, soap, load, toast, coal |
| oi,oy | = | [oi] | appoint, coy, annoy, boy, toy, oil, boil, spoil |
| oo+k | = | [u] | took, look, book, shook, looking-glass |
| oo+l, m, n, d, th | = | [u:] | spoon, soon, moon, fool, pool, tooth, cool, root |
| o +ld | = | [ou] | hold, sold, told, bold, fold |
| ou | = | [au] | loud, found, sound, round, pound, out |
| ou+gh | = | [o:] | bought, thought, brought |
| ow+n | = | [au] | town, down, brown, cow, now, allow. |
| ow в конце слова) | = | [ou] | know, grow, low, slow, show |
| m |  =
| [Λ ] | come, son, some, front, month, brother, love |
| o + n | = | ||
| th | = | done, ΄company, other, above, a΄mong, above | |
| v | = | mother, an΄other, done, govern | |
| our, ower | = | [auə] | sour, our, hour, tower, shower, power, flowers |
| or после w | = | [ə:] | work, word, world, worse |
| u+ll,sh | = | [u] | pull, bull, full, push, bush, bullet |
| y+гласн. | = | [j] | yes, yet, yard, yoke, yell, year, be΄yond. |
Прочитайте слова и напишите их транскрипцию.
Speed, loaf, loom, reach, rose, plaster, fill, coal, steam, aim, cube, weave, faint, fee, tool, freeze, sail, fight, mutton, deaf, crystal, tence, shoot, trainer, heavy, coast, raze, float, least, song, waiter, ready, boat, star, black, bag, old,painter, goat, cook, fat, oak, tool, lead, see, heat, seed, reach, deed, speak, knight, laid, grasp, throat.
