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I. . , , -s , .. :
) 3- Present Indefinite;
) ;
) .
:
1. The second train leaves 10 minutes after the arrival of the first one.
1. 10 .
leaves- 3- to leave in Present Indefinite.
minutes- a minute.
2. Reading is fond of my sons best friend.
2. .
sons a son .
3. Water consists of oxygen and hydrogen.
3. .
consists- 3- to consist in Present Indefinite.
4. His mention of this town on the river Volga dates back to 1589.
4. 1589 .
Dates-
5. The book is at an arms length.
5. .
Arms - a arm .
6. These womens handbags are quite new.
6. .
Womens - a women .
Handbags- a handbag.
7. Russian Federations higher school is going to celebrate 250-th anniversary the Moscow state Lomonosovs University.
7. 250- .
Russian Federations- the Russian Federation .
Lomonosovs- Lomonosov .
8. Russia and the USA are carrying out joint projects to study and project the Arctic regions.
8. .
Projects a project.
Regions- a region .
9. His child studies very well.
9. .
Studies- 3- to study in Present Indefinite.
10.Ann speaks German very well.
10. - .
Speaks-3- to speak in Present Indefinite.
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II. , .
1.They played tennis worse than I had expected and among them he played worst of all.
1. , , .
2.Youre more patient than me.
2. , .
3.This house is as high as that one.
3. , .
4.Your bike is faster than mine.
4. , .
5.This really the worst song Ive ever heard!
5. , - !
6.My parents asked me to take pictures of the most beautiful sights in Russia.
6. .
7.He has already finished this work but not so quick as his teacher wanted him to do.
7. , , , .
8.The garden looks better since you tidied up.
8. , .
9.I walk more slowly than him.
9. , .
10.We had a competition to see who could swim the farthest.
10. , , .
III. , .
1. Anybody can do it.
1. - .
2.Hi Diana! Are you still coming shopping with us tomorrow?
2. ! ?
3.Did you give it back to Alicia?
3. ?
4.I havent seen them for ages.
4. .
5.This is our house.
5. .
6.Thats great, Cathy. Did you make that yourself?
6. , . ?
7. Many inventors, who have had their inventions produced, have become rich and famous and we shouldnt blame them for that.
7. , , .
8.Wendy decided that she would buy herself a new dress in the sales.
8. , .
9.Why does she always give us more tests than the other class?
9. , ?
10.Adam, do you think we should all bring some food with us to your party?
10., ?
IV. , ; .
1.He knows several foreign languages.
1. .
Knows- Past Indefinite Active to know.
2.His sister will go to the seaside next summer.
2. .
go- future indefinite go
3.The students have just gone away.
3. .
Gone Present Perfect gone.
4.They are not operating the computer.
4. .
not operating- Present Continious to operate.
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5.I was cooking dinner at 10 o` clock.
5. 10 .
Cooking- Present Continious to cook.
6.This year, more than a million tourists will visit our local area.
6. .
will visit- future indefinite to visit.
7.I think I ve heard that song before.
, .
heard-Present perfect to heard.
8.You have been writing that e-mail for over an hour.
9.Georgia was having a shower when someone knocked at the door.
, - .
Having- Present Continious
10.I am working at the local library for the summer.
.
Working - Present Continious to work.
V. , can, may, ought, must, need, should, :
1.You can use my dictionary.
1. .
2.May I leave the classroom?
2. ?
3.You dont have to meet her at the train station.
3. .
4.In this country you dont need to carry your passport with you.
4. .
5.He had to start work when he was just fourteen years old.
5. , 14 .
6.Anna should win the race tomorrow.
6. .
7.The letter could be from my sister Janice.
7. .
8.She must be going to a fancy-dress party.
8. .
9.Your hairbrush might be in the living room.
9. .
10.To start the laptop you have to press the power button.
10. .
VI. A) 1, 2, 3 4- .
Our University
Our University is the youngest in our town. It was founded in 2001. This is an independent state University. There are many departments in the University, they are: the department of the Russian Language and Literature, the department of Physics and Mathematics, the department of Fine Arts, the department of Preschool-Psychology and Pedagogic, the department of Technical Subjects, the department of Physical Education, the department of Foreign Languages and others.
The head of the University is called a rector. Each the department is headed by a dean. A dean and his assistants form a deans office. The University includes both full-time and correspondence departments. The teaching staff of the University consists of professors, lecturers and assistants. There are 2 terms in the academic year. At the end of each term students pass credits and exams. Students have holidays twice a year.
Students have their classes according to the time-table. Usually they spend 6 or 7 hours at the University. If a student often misses his classes he will have some problems at the end of a term. If he also works by fits and starts he will fall behind the group.
Students of junior and senior courses study the humanities and special subjects. The curriculum includes: Russian and Foreign Languages, Psychology, Pedagogic, Technical Subjects, Philosophy and many other subjects. Physical training is also a compulsory subject for students. All students have their school practice.
There are some laboratories and workshops in the University which are equipped with computers and other modern devices. A gymnasium, a canteen, a cloak-room, a library and a reading-hall are also available for each student.
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Graduates of the University will soon work at schools, nurseries and Scientific Institutions.
. 2001 . . , : , , , , , , .
. . . , . - , . 2 . . .
. 6 7 . , . .
. : , , , , . . .
b) :
1. When was the University founded?
1. ?
The University was founded in 2001.
2.What departments are there in the University?
2. ?
The university has many departments, they are: the department of the Russian Language and Literature, the department of Physics and Mathematics, the department of Fine Arts, the department of Preschool-Psychology and Pedagogic, the department of Technical Subjects, the department of Physical Education, the department of Foreign Languages and others.
3.Who is the head of the University?
3. ?
The head of the University is called a rector.
4.Who does the teaching stuff consist of?
4. ?
The teaching staff of the University consists of professors, lecturers and assistants.
5.How many terms are there in the academic year?
5. ?
In the academic year there are 2 terms.
6.What do the students do at the end of each term?
6. ?
At the end of each term students pass credits and exams.
7.What subjects does the curriculum include?
7. ?
The curriculum includes: Russian and Foreign Languages, Psychology, Pedagogic, Technical Subjects, Philosophy and many other subjects.
8.What subject is compulsory for students?
8. ?
Physical training is a compulsory subject for students.
9.What is available for each student?
9. ?
A gymnasium, a canteen, a cloak-room, a library and a reading-hall are available for each student.
10.Where will the graduates of the University work?
10. ?
Graduates of the University will soon work at schools, nurseries and Scientific Institutions.
VII. - .
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The economic environemt ( )
The economy comprises millions of people and thousands of firms as well as the government and local authorities, all taking decisions about prices and wages, what to buy, sell, produce, export, import and many other matters. All these organizations and the decisions they take play a prominent part in shaping the business environment in which firms exist and operate.
The economy is complicated and difficult to control and predict, but it is certainly important to all businesses. You should be aware that there are times when businesses and individuals have plenty of funds to spend and there are times when they have to cut back on their spending. This can have enormous implications for business as a whole.
When the economy is enjoying a boom, firms experience high sales and general prosperity. At such times, unemployment is low and many firms will be investing funds to enable them to produce more. They do this because consumers have plenty of money to spend and firms expect high sales. It naturally follows that the state of the economy is a major factor in the success of firms.
However, during periods when people have less to spend many firms face hard times as their sales fall. Thus, the economic environment alters as the economy moves into a recession. At that time, total spending declines as income falls and unemployment rises. Consumers will purchase cheaper items and cut expenditure on luxury items such as televisions and cars.
Changes in the state of the economy affect all types of business, though the extent to which they are affected varies. In the recession of the early 1990s the high street banks suffered badly. Profits declined and, in some cases, losses were incurred. This was because fewer people borrowed money from banks, thus denying them the opportunity to earn interest on loans, and a rising proportion of those who did borrow defaulted on repayment. These so-called "bad debts" cut profit margins substantially. Various forecasters reckoned that the National Westminster Bank's losses in the case of Robert Maxwell's collapsing business empire amounted to over £100 million.
No individual firm has the ability to control this aspect of its environment. Rather, it is the outcome of the actions of all the groups who make up society as well as being influenced by the actions of foreigners with whom the nation has dealings.
