, .
, . , .
I ( ) ξ ( )
= I ξ.
F U | S V q S | Δ = F δS Δ = p δV Δ = q δU Δ = T δS |
: - , .. ( ). .
.
, , , , , . , .. . .
. . . 1 δQ,
dS = δQ/T.
dS → 0 S → max . .
0
, .. . i-
Si(T) = S0i (T) R ln Ni,
Ni i- ;
Si(T) i- ;
S0i (T) i- ;
R .
Ni → 0, , .. .
, .
|
|
dS → 0 S → max V = const, U = const.
- , .. .
,
G = H TS.
d → 0 → min T = const, = const.
.
2 +2 ↔ 2 2.
.
,
Si = S0i R ln Ni,
Gi = Hi - TS0i + RT ln Ni.
.
ΔG = ΔHi - TΔS + RT ln KN =0,
.
N .
ΔG0 = RT ln KN = Δ TΔS.