. , ; , .
:
1) : Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2↑;
2) : BaCl2 + Na2SO4 = BaSO4↓+ 2NaCl;
3) ( ):
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O;
4) :
H2 + Cl2 = 2HCl, + Q ( ).
, .. . , , . () . : , . , . .
. +b ↔ +dD
: υ =k1[] [ ]b ;
: υ =k2[] [ D ]d .
:
= k1/k2 = [] [ D]d / [] [ ]b ,
( , ); [A],[B],[M],[D] , /; a, b, , d .
, , , .
. , , . . .
, 2NO + O2 ↔ 2NO2 : = [NO2]2/ [NO]2[O2].
, . , 2 + ↔ 2CO : = [CO]2/[CO2].
, , . . , . :
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∆G0T = RTlnKp= 2,3RTlgKp.
, : , , , . , , . :
lnKP = ∆H/RT + ∆S/R
. . .