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Naive realism in everyday Life and its implications for the misunderstanding




L. Ross, A. Ward

L. Ross, Professor of Psychology at Stanford University, co-founder of the Stanfod Center on Conflict and Negotiation

A. Ward, Assistant Professor of Psychology at the Swarthmore College

The article suggests that the layperson's social understanding is a kind of naive realism and rests on three related convictions about the relation between his or her subjective experience and the nature of the phenomena that give rise to that subjective experience (three tenets of naive realism). These convictions create barriers to the successful understanding of the other people and social groups. The evidence from the experiments on the Prisoner's Dilemma Game, false consensus effect, perception of media bias is described to prove the naive realism existence and its role in misunderstanding.

Key words: construal, egocentrism, false consensus effect, fundamental attribution error, naive realism, perception of bias, Prisoner's Dilemma Game, situationism, social cognition.

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