, - , .
, , , , .
, , .
. , , , ; , . , . .
53.5 , .
, , , - .
53. -
.
.
, . -1 +1, 1, . , , .
, () , ; 0 1.
. (), (), .
|
|
k, i- i - () k (j = 1, 2,..., k).
k - , k- .
, : , s R k:
(53.1)
(53.2)
xij i - j - ,
ril , xj xl. rjl .
R (rjl = rlj) .
, . , (k - 2)- 1 2
(53.3)
Rjl rjl R. Rjl = (-l) j+l Mjl, Mjl , .. , R j- l - .
(k - 1)- x1
(53.4)
| R | R.
, .. H0: ρ = 0, t - .
(53.5)
r ρ; l , .. ( l=0).
, , .. H0: ρ = 0 α, t , t , t - α υ = n l - 2.
.
Z - Z:
(53.6)
tγ
Z' Z - r. Z' , ..
Z ρ Z -, ρ γ:
, γ , ρ (r min, r max).
( ) F -. , , , .. H0: ρ1/2,,k = 0,
|
|
(53.7)
, .. 1 2,..., k, F > F , F F - α, υ1 = k - 1, υ2 = n - k.
() j (j = 1, 2,..., k), xj.
, = φ(x1,..., k), j , σ2.
(k + 1)- (, x1, 2,..., j,..., k) n, i - () (i, xi1, i2,..., ij,..., xik), ij j - i - (i = 1, 2,..., n), i i - .
(53.8)
β j ;
ε j , , σ2.
, (53.8) i = 1,2,..., n, β0, β1,, βj, , βk .
(53.8), Bj , , j , .. .
(53.9)
Y - 1 (1, 2,.... n); (k + 1) , ,, (i = 1, 2,..., n; j= 0,1 ,...,k; x0i, = 1); β - (k + 1) 1 , ( ); ε - 1 (). ε i , (M ε i = 0) σ2 (D ε i = σ2).
, k .
(53.9)
(53.8). , x0, , .
β0, β1, , βk (53.8) β (53.9).
j , a M ε i = 0, (53.8)
(53.10)
i = 1, 2,..., , :
(53.11)
- 1 ..., i,..., n.
- β , - b, i i, .. :
|
|
һ .
. 53.1.
. 53.1.
, (53.11) (53.10), Q β0, β1, , βk ,
- b, b = (b0, b1,..., bk) T. , -
(53.12)
T X;
( T )-1 , T .
- b ,
(53.13)
:
b
(53.14)
(53.15)
, ,
(53.16)
, .. 0: β = 0 (β0,= β1 = βk = 0), F -,
(53.17)
F - α, v 1 = k + l,v2 = n k - l F .
H0 α, F > F . , , .. .
, .. 0: β j = 0, j = 1, 2, ..., k, t - t (bj) = bj / bj. t - α v = - k - 1 t .
H0 α, t > t . , β j , .. β j ≠ 0. . , , , t . , . .
, .
bj β j γ.
γ β j
(53.19)
tα t - α = 1 - γ v = - k - 1.
, - X0 = (1, x , x , ,..., x )T
(53.20)
n+1
(53.21)
tα t - α = 1 - γ v = - k - 1.
|
|
0 γ (. 53.2), = (1, ).
. 53.2. .
. 1, 2,..., k. (X T X) , .. .
(53.12), s , (53.14), (X T X)-1, ( T ). t (bj). , .
. R 0,8, .. | rjl | > 0,8, , , j xl.
, .
.
( = 20) , :
(/);
x1 ( ) 100 ;
2 100 ;
3 100;
x4 , ;
5 , .
. 53.1.
53.1