1. Your friend says that a person must always be true to his principles. You think that a person's principles may sometimes be wrong.
2.Your friend fully agrees with Maugham that a story must have form. You believe that a story only describing some incident is just as good as any other story, or sometimes even better, because it gives food to thought.
Ex 55 Subjects for oral and written composition.
1. Give character-sketches of (a) Adams; (b) Brown.
2. Retell the story in the person of (a) Adams; (b) Brown; (c) somebody working in the same office with Adams and Brown.
3. Life on the tea plantation.
4. Try to give your own ending to the story.
5. Write a letter to a friend, telling him in short about the incident described in the passage, and giving your own explanation of why it had all happened.
6. Tell a story to illustrate the proverb: "Life is stranger than fiction."
7. You go to the post office to post a parcel, send a telegram and to buy a few stamps. Describe how you do it.
LESSON SEVEN
Text: At the Art Dealer's (from "Lust for Life"* by Irving Stone)1
Grammar: Passive Voice (Indefinite Tense Forms).
AT THE ART DEALER'S 2
The little bell on the front door jingled. A stranger walked in. "That picture you have in the window," he said. "That still life.3 Who is it by?"
"Paul Cezanne."4
"Cezanne? I have never heard of him. Is it for sale?"
"Ah, no, alas, it is already..."
Madame5 Tanguy saw her chance. A wiry little woman with a hard, thin face and bitter eyes, she quickly rose from the chair, threw off her apron, pushed Pere Tanguy out of the way, and ran up to the man eagerly.
"But of course it is for sale. It is a beautiful still life, is it not, Monsieur?6 Have you ever seen such apples before? We will sell it to you cheap, if you admire it."
"How much?"
"How much, Tanguy?" asked Madame Tanguy raising her voice. Tanguy swallowed hard. "Three hundred..."
"Tanguy!"
"Two hundred..."
"TANGUY!"
"Well, one hundred francs!"
"A hundred francs? I wonder..." said the stranger. "For an unknown painter... I'm afraid that's too expensive. I don't think I can afford it. I was only prepared to spend about twenty-five."
The canvas was immediately taken out of the window and put before the customer.
"See, Monsieur, it is a big picture. There are four apples. Four apples are a hundred francs. You only want to spend twenty-five." Madame Tanguy broke off. Suddenly she suggested: "Then why not take one apple? The price is only twenty-five francs."
When the price was mentioned, the man began to study the canvas with new interest. "Yes, I could do that. It's a fair offer. Just cut this apple the full length of the canvas and I'll take it."
Madame hurried to her apartment and returned with a pair of scissors. The end apple was cut off, wrapped in a piece of paper and handed to the man. He paid the money and walked out with the canvas under his arm. The spoiled masterpiece lay on the counter.
"My favourite Cezanne," cried Tanguy unhappily. "I'll miss it so! I put it in the window. I wanted people to see it for a moment and go away happy."
Madame Tanguy interrupted him. "Next time someone wants a Cezanne and hasn't much money, sell him an apple. Take anything you can get for it. They are worthless anyway, he paints so many of them."
(Abridged)
NOTES
1. Irving Stone was born in 1903 in San Francisco. Among his more important books are "Lust for Life" (a biography of Vincent van Gogh, 1934); "Sailor on Horseback" (a biography of Jack London, 1938).
2. Art Dealer's: this is an example of the genitive absolute in which the governing noun is left out and which applies especially to residences and to places of business. Eg 1. She bought a loaf at the baker's. 2. He spent part of his holiday at his aunt's.
3. still life: pl still lifes
4. Paul Cezanne (1839-1906), a French painter of the postimpressionist school; famous for his still life paintings and landscapes
5. Madame: (Fr) a form of address to a French-speaking woman, corresponding to Mrs or madam
6. Monsieur: (Fr) a form of address to a French-speaking man, corresponding to Mr or sir
VOCABULARY
art n искусство modern (national, realistic, abstract, etc) art Phr a work of art произведение искусства; an art school художественная школа, направление в искусстве; an art exhibition художественная выставка; artist n художник
deal vi (dealt) 1. рассматривать, касаться, иметь дело; вести дело, ведать The book deals with modern art. It is difficult to deal with the man. Who deals with such matters? 2. торговать What goods does this shop deal in? deal n сделка, соглашение Phr do (make) a deal with sb заключить с кем-н сделку; dealer n торговец
chance n случай, возможность, шанс a good (lucky, excellent, etc) chance; I had no chance to speak to him. The chances are a hundred to one against him. Phr by chance случайно; Phr lose (miss) a/one's chance упустить случай, возможность; take a/one's chance (of doing sth) решиться (на что-н), рискнуть; Phr leave sth to chance оставлять что-н на авось
rise vi (rose, risen) 1. вставать, подниматься When I entered he rose (from his seat) to greet me. The sun rises early in summer; 2. повышаться (о цене, температуре и т. п.) His voice rose in excitement (anger, etc); rise n повышение; увеличение a rise in temperature (prices, one's pay, etc)
admire vt восторгаться, восхищаться admire a picture (house; sb's talent, etc); admiration n восторг, восхищение
afford vt позволить себе (быть в состоянии) (обычно употр. с гл. can) Can you afford (to buy) an expensive coat? I can't afford the time. Мне некогда.
spend vt (spent) 1. тратить spend money (time, energy, etc) on sth; 2. проводить (о времени) Не spent two weeks in a sports camp.
suggest vt предлагать suggest a plan (idea, trip, etc) Phr suggest that sb (should) do sth; I suggest that they (should) visit the art museum; suggestion n предложение At whose suggestion did you arrange this exhibition? Phr make a suggestion внести, сделать предложение
price n цена, стоимость buy (sell) sth at a high (low, etc) price (at the price of...)
mention vt упоминать (о, об) mention a fact (name, incident, etc) to sb Phr Don't mention it! He стоит (благодарности)! mention n There was no mention of the fact in his letter.
(un)fair а (не)справедливый; (не)честный a fair price (arrangement, compensation, offer, etc) Phr be fair to sb быть справедливым по отношению к кому-н
offer vt предлагать, давать; выражать готовность (что-н сделать) offer money (help, goods, a seat, a book, a cigarette, etc); He offered to fetch a taxi; offer n предложение
cut vt (cut) резать, разрезать; порезать cut bread (meat, paper; one's finger, etc) Phr cut sth in (to, into) pieces разрезать что-н на части; cut off отрезать; cut sth out вырезать Cut this picture out of the newspaper, please.
hurry vi/vt спешить, торопить(ся) hurry home (to school, to the Institute, to the station, etc); Don't hurry him, he'll make a mistake. Phr Hurry up! Скорее, (по)торопитесь! hurry n спешка what's the hurry? Phr in a hurry в спешке, второпях Не is always in a hurry. Он всегда спешит. (Ему всегда некогда.)
miss vt 1. пропускать; упускать; прослушать; не заметить miss a lesson (the beginning of a story; a chance; sb's words; a mistake, etc); miss a train опоздать на поезд; 2. скучать по кому-н/чему-н miss sb (a friend, one's family, one's home; school, etc); 3. обнаружить отсутствие (кого-н/чего-н) When did you miss your book? 4. промахнуться, не достичь цели Не fired at the bird but missed. He tried to catch the ball but missed; missing а недостающий, отсутствующий There are two pages missing from (in) the book.
interrupt vt прерывать, мешать interrupt a lesson (a game, a person, etc); I am sorry to interrupt you. The rain interrupted the game; interruption n
WORD COMBINATIONS
be for sale продаваться
be prepared to do sth быть в состоянии; готовым; склонным что-н сделать
a pair of scissors (shoes, gloves, trousers, skates, etc) пара ножниц (ботинок, перчаток, брюк, коньков и т.п.)
EXERCISES
COMPREHENSION
Ex 1 Answer the following questions.
1. What brought the stranger to the shop? 2. What kind of shop was it? 3. What did the stranger want to buy there? 4. Why did the stranger think that the price asked for the painting was too high? 5. How much was he prepared to spend? 6. Why did Madame Tanguy decide that she must take the matter in her own hands? 7. How did it happen that the painting was cut up? 8. What instructions did Madame Tanguy give her husband after the customer had left the shop? 9. Why did she speak of Cezanne's paintings as worthless? 10. Why hadn't Tanguy wanted to sell the painting?
Ex 2 Look through the text once again, and:
1. Say when and where the story happened. 2. Find facts to prove that (a) Pere Tanguy had a deep understanding of art; (b) Madame Tanguy had no feeling for art. 3. Explain how it happened that though the stranger admired Cezanne's painting he thought nothing of spoiling the masterpiece. 4. Explain why Pere Tanguy agreed to have his favourite Cezanne cut up. 5. Show by quoting from the text that the author presents his characters by suggestion rather than by description. 6. Say what traits of character are reflected in Madame Tanguy's appearance. 7. Say how the characters of Madame and Pere Tanguy are presented: in parallel or in contrast.
Ex 3 Find in the text the English for the following phrases, and use them in retelling and discussing the text.
натюрморт; продать дешево; неизвестный художник; слишком дорого; внимательно рассматривать картину; отрезать по всей длине; холст; крайнее яблоко; завернуть в бумагу; вручить покупателю; изуродованный шедевр; лежать на прилавке; выставить в витрине; картина (произведение) Сезанна.
