.
. , ( ) , . 7.2. l, δ R (. 7.4) , φ.
. 7.4.
γ
.
, τ , , . , , dF = δ Rdφ, dM = τdF R. , ,
, , .
, γ, τ = f(γ). . 7.5.
. 7.5.
. 7.5 τ , τ τ ( ). , .
, (7.5)
G , ( ).
.
, , . ( ) (. 7.6). .
. 7.6.
(. (4.30)), , ,
. (7.6)
( ) (4.29)
, (7.7)
, .
(7.6), (7.7)
. (7.8)
, α=45. , , .. ,
|
|
(7.9)
. , , . , .
. , (. 7.7), ; .
. 7.7.
CD (AB), .
. (7.10)
. (7.11)
, , σ1,
. (7.12)
(7.11) (7.12),
. (7.13)
(7.5), ( ) G.
. (7.14)
. dx, (. 7.8, F , τ).
. 7.8.
Q dS. , ,
. (7.15)
(7.1), (7.4) (7.5),
. (7.16)
, , dz,
. (7.17)
(7.17) l,
. (7.18)
( dV) :
. (7.19)