.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


.

.

. , ( ) , . 7.2. l, δ R (. 7.4) , φ.

 

. 7.4.

 

γ

.

, τ , , . , , dF = δ Rdφ, dM = τdF R. , ,

, , .

, γ, τ = f(γ). . 7.5.

 

. 7.5.

. 7.5 τ , τ τ ( ). , .

, (7.5)

G , ( ).

.

, , . ( ) (. 7.6). .

. 7.6.

 

(. (4.30)), , ,

. (7.6)

( ) (4.29)

, (7.7)

, .

(7.6), (7.7)

. (7.8)

, α=45. , , .. ,

(7.9)

. , , . , .

. , (. 7.7), ; .

 

. 7.7.

 

CD (AB), .

. (7.10)

. (7.11)

, , σ1,

. (7.12)

(7.11) (7.12),

. (7.13)

(7.5), ( ) G.

. (7.14)

. dx, (. 7.8, F , τ).

. 7.8.

 

Q dS. , ,

. (7.15)

(7.1), (7.4) (7.5),

. (7.16)

, , dz,

. (7.17)

(7.17) l,

. (7.18)

( dV) :

. (7.19)

 



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